External
Thermodynamics and Introduction to Quantum Mechanics
This course will cover topics in thermodynamics, including thermodynamic laws, chemical potential, and both phase and chemical equilibria. In addition, the postulates of quantum mechanics will be discussed, and these postulates will applied to simple systems, allowing spectroscopic applications to be explored.
- Author
- Cathrine Southern
- Publisher
- DePaul University
- Source
- LibreTexts
- Language
- EN
- Category
- Basic Sciences
Contents· 131 sections
- 01: Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
- 1.01: Thermodynamic Definitions
- 1.02: Ideal Gas Equation of State
- 1.03: Equations of State for Real Gases
- 02: The First Law of Thermodynamics
- 2.01: Work and Heat
- 2.02: Pressure-Volume Work
- 2.2.01: Work and Heat are not State Functions
- 2.03: Internal Energy and Enthalpy
- 2.3.01: Enthalpy
- 2.04: Ideal Gas Processes
- 2.05: Exact and Inexact Differentials
- 2.5.01: Total and Exact Differentials
- 2.5.02: Compressibility and Expansivity
- 2.06: The Joule Experiment
- 2.6.01: The Joule-Thomson Effect
- 2.07: Calorimetry
- 2.7.01: Temperature Dependence of Enthalpy
- 2.7.02: Reaction Enthalpies
- 2.E: First Law of Thermodynamics Exercises
- 1.E: Putting the First Law to Work (Exercises)
- 03: The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
- 3.01: Introduction to the Second Law
- 3.02: Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle
- 3.03: Entropy
- 3.04: Calculating Entropy Changes
- 3.05: Comparing the System and the Surroundings
- 3.06: Entropy and Disorder
- 3.07: The Third Law of Thermodynamics
- 3.08: Adiabatic Compressibility
- 3.09: Putting the Second Law to Work
- 3.9.01: Free Energy Functions
- 3.9.02: Combining the First and Second Laws - Maxwell's Relations
- 3.9.03: A G and Maximum Work
- 3.9.04: Volume Dependence of Helmholtz Energy
- 3.9.05: Pressure Dependence of Gibbs Energy
- 3.9.06: Temperature Dependence of A and G
- 3.9.07: When Two Variables Change at Once
- 3.9.08: The Difference between Cp and Cv
- 3.E: The Second Law (Exercises)
- 1.01: Putting the Second Law to Work (Exercises)
- 04: Chemical Potential and Equilibrium
- 4.01: Prelude to Chemical Equilibria
- 4.02: Chemical Potential
- 4.03: Activities and Fugacities
- 4.04: Pressure Dependence of Kp - Le Chatelier's Principle
- 4.05: Degree of Dissociation
- 4.06: Temperature Dependence of Equilibrium Constants - the van t Hoff Equation
- 4.E: Chemical Equilibria (Exercises)
- 05: Phase Equilibria
- 5.01: A Phase Diagram Summarizes the Solid-Liquid-Gas Behavior of a Substance
- 5.02: Gibbs Energies and Phase Diagrams
- 5.03: The Chemical Potentials of a Pure Substance in Two Phases in Equilibrium
- 5.04: The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
- 5.E: Phase Equilibria (Exercises)
- 06: Properties of Solutions
- 6.01: Ideal Solutions
- 6.02: Real Solutions
- 6.2.01: Vapor Pressures of Volatile Binary Solutions
- 6.03: Colligative Properties
- 6.04: Solutions Exercises
- 6.4.E: Mixtures and Solutions (Exercises)
- 07: The Development of Quantum Mechanics
- 7.01: Blackbody Radiation
- 7.1.01: Quantum Hypothesis Used for Blackbody Radiation Law
- 7.02: The Photoelectric Effect
- 7.03: Atomic Emission Spectra
- 7.3.01: The Rydberg Formula and the Hydrogen Atomic Spectrum
- 7.3.02: The Bohr Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
- 7.04: Matter Has Wavelike Properties
- 7.05: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
- 08: The Postulates of Quantum Mechanics
- 8.01: The Classical Wave Equation
- 8.02: The Schrodinger Equation
- 8.03: Operators in Quantum Mechanics
- 8.04: Quantum Math
- 8.4.01: Wavefunctions Have a Probabilistic Interpretation
- 8.05: Postulate 1 of Quantum Mechanics
- 8.06: Postulate 2 of Quantum Mechanics
- 8.6.01: Hermitian Operators
- 8.6.02: Commuting Operators Allow Infinite Precision
- 8.07: Postulates 3 and 4 of Quantum Mechanics
- 8.7.01: Eigenfunctions of Operators are Orthogonal
- 8.08: Postulate 5 of Quantum Mechanics
- 8.09: Postulates and Principles of Quantum Mechanics (Exercises)
- 09: The Particle in a Box
- 9.01: The Particle in a One-Dimensional Box
- 9.02: Applying the Postulates to the Particle in a 1D Box
- 9.2.01: The Average Momentum of a Particle in a Box is Zero
- 9.03: Particle in a Box and the Uncertainty Principle
- 9.04: Particle in a Three-Dimensional Box
- 9.E: The Schrodinger Equation and a Particle in a Box (Exercises)
- 10: Appendix- Mathematics for Physical Chemistry
- 10.01: Before We Begin...
- 10.1.01: Things to review
- 10.1.02: Odd and Even Functions
- 10.1.03: The Exponential Function
- 10.1.04: The Period of a Periodic Function
- 10.1.05: Exercises
- 10.02: Series
- 10.2.01: Maclaurin Series
- 10.2.02: Linear Approximations
- 10.2.03: Taylor Series
- 10.2.04: Other Applications of Mclaurin and Taylor series
- 10.2.05: Problems
- 10.03: Calculus in More than One Variable
- 10.3.01: Functions of Two Independent Variables
- 10.3.02: The Equation of State
- 10.3.03: The Chain Rule
- 10.3.04: Double and Triple Integrals
- 10.3.05: Real Gases
- 10.3.06: Problems
- 10.04: Exact and Inexact Differentials
- 10.4.01: The Total Differential
- 10.4.02: Exact and Inexact Differentials
- 10.4.03: Differentials in Thermodynamics - State and Path Functions
- 10.4.04: A Mathematical Toolbox
- 10.4.05: Line Integrals
- 10.4.06: Exact and Inexact Differentials (Summary)
- 10.4.07: Problems
- 10.05: First Order Ordinary Differential Equations
- 10.5.01: Definitions and General Concepts
- 10.5.02: 1st Order Ordinary Differential Equations
- 10.5.03: Chemical Kinetics
- 10.5.04: Problems
- 10.06: Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations
- 10.6.01: Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations
- 10.6.02: Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations - Oscillations
- 10.6.03: Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations with Boundary Conditions
- 10.6.04: An example in Quantum Mechanics
- 10.6.05: Problems