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Chemistry 101A General College Chemistry
This text addresses basic chemistry topics including stoichiometry, solubility, solutions, gas behavior, thermochemistry, atomic structure, periodic table, chemical bonding, molecular structure, solids and liquids, and an introduction to chemical equilibrium.
- Author
- Torrey Glenn
- Publisher
- City College of San Francisco
- Source
- LibreTexts
- License
- CC BY-NC-SA
- Language
- EN
- Category
- Basic Sciences
Contents· 114 sections
- 01: Topic A- Equations Formulas and Stoichiometry
- 0: Foundations
- 0.01: What should I know already
- 0.02: Essential Ideas of Chemistry
- 9.2.01: Chemistry in Context
- 9.2.02: Phases and Classification of Matter
- 9.2.03: Physical and Chemical Properties
- 9.2.04: Measurements
- 9.2.05: Measurement Uncertainty Accuracy and Precision
- 9.2.06: Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results
- 0.03: Atoms Molecules and Ions
- 9.3.01: Atomic Structure and Symbolism
- 9.3.02: Chemical Formulas
- 9.3.03: The Periodic Table
- 9.3.04: Molecular and Ionic Compounds
- 9.3.05: Chemical Nomenclature
- 1.01: Stoichiometry- Chemical Formulas and Equations
- 1.1.01: Chemical Equations
- 1.1.02: Some Simple Patterns of Chemical Reactivity
- 1.1.03: Avogadro's Number and the Mole
- 1.1.04: Empirical and Molecular Formulas
- 1.1.05: Empirical Formulas from Analysis
- 1.1.06: Reaction Stoichiometry
- 1.1.07: Limiting Reactants
- 02: Topic B- Reactions in Aqueous Solution
- 2.01: Reactions in Aqueous Solution
- 2.1.01: General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
- 2.1.02: Precipitation and Solubility Rules
- 2.1.03: Acid-Base Reactions
- 2.1.04: Other Common Reactions
- 2.1.05: Writing Net Ionic Equations
- 2.1.06: Concentration of Solutions
- 2.1.07: Solution Stoichiometry and Chemical Analysis
- 03: Topic C- Gas Laws and Kinetic Molecular Theory
- 3.01: Gases
- 3.1.01: Characteristics of Gases
- 3.1.02: Pressure
- 3.1.03: The Gas Laws
- 3.1.04: The Ideal Gas Equation
- 3.1.05: Gas Volumes and Chemical Reactions
- 3.1.06: Gas Mixtures and Partial Pressures
- 3.1.08: Kinetic-Molecular Theory
- 3.1.09: Understanding the Value Distribution of a Variable
- 3.1.10: Molecular Speed Distribution
- 3.1.11: Kinetic Energy Distribution
- 3.1.12: Molecular Effusion and Diffusion
- 3.1.13: Real Gases - Deviations from Ideal Behavior
- 04: Topic D- Thermochemistry
- 4.01: Thermochemistry
- 4.1.01: Energy Heat and Work
- 4.1.02: Calorimetry
- 4.1.03: The First Law of Thermodynamics
- 4.1.04: Energy and Chemical Change
- 4.1.05: Enthalpy A Modified Energy of Reaction
- 4.1.06: Putting it All Together
- 4.1.07: Tabulated Enthalpy Values
- 4.1.08: Hess's Law
- 05: Topic E- Atomic Structure
- 5.01: Electronic Structure of Atoms
- 5.1.01: The Wave Nature of Light
- 5.1.02: The Particle Nature of Light
- 5.1.03: Atomic Emission Spectra and the Bohr Model
- 5.1.04: The Wave Behavior of Matter
- 5.1.05: Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Orbitals
- 5.1.06: 3D Representation of Orbitals
- 5.1.07: Many-Electron Atoms
- 5.1.08: Electron Configurations
- 5.02: Periodic Properties of the Elements
- 5.2.01: Development of the Periodic Table
- 5.2.02: Shielding and Effective Nuclear Charge
- 5.2.03: Sizes of Atoms and Ions
- 5.2.04: Ionization Energy
- 5.2.05: Electron Affinities
- 5.2.06: Metals Nonmetals and Metalloids
- 5.2.07: Group Trends for the Active Metals
- 5.2.08: Group Trends for Selected Nonmetals
- 06: Topic F- Molecular Structure
- 6.01: Basic Concepts of Covalent Bonding
- 6.1.01: Covalent Bonding Fundamentals
- 6.1.02: Interpreting Lewis Structures
- 6.1.03: Drawing Lewis Structures
- 6.1.04: Resonance Lewis Structures
- 6.1.05: Strength of Covalent Bonds
- 6.1.06: The VSEPR Model
- 6.1.07: Molecular Polarity
- 6.02: Orbitals and Bonding Theories
- 6.2.01: Localized Electron Model of Covalent Bonding
- 6.2.02: Hybrid Atomic Orbitals
- 6.2.03: Orbital Overlap in Multiple Bonds
- 07: Topic G- Chemical Equilibrium
- 7.01: Chemical Equilibrium
- 7.1.01: The Concept of Equilibrium
- 7.1.02: The Equilibrium Constant
- 7.1.03: Heterogeneous Equilibria
- 7.1.04: Equilibrium Stoichiometry Calculations
- 7.1.05: Applications of Equilibrium Constants
- 7.1.06: Le Chatelier's Principle
- 7.02: Introduction to AcidBase Equilibria
- 7.2.01: BrnstedLowry Acids and Bases
- 7.2.02: Autoionization of Water
- 7.2.03: pH and pOH
- 7.2.04: Acid Strength
- 08: Topic H- Condensed States and Attractive Forces Between Particles
- 8.01: Condensed States and Intermolecular Forces
- 8.1.01: A Molecular Comparison of Gases Liquids and Solids
- 8.1.02: Intermolecular Forces
- 8.1.03: Properties of Liquids
- 8.1.04: Properties of Solids
- 8.1.05: Phase Changes
- 8.1.06: Phase Diagrams
- 8.1.07: The Born-Haber Cycle
- Units of Concentration
- 9.8: A Different Perspective on Drawing Lewis Structures
- 10.4: Molecular Orbital Theory