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Foundations of Organic Chemistry

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Foundations of Organic Chemistry

This resource is aligned with course objectives to master foundations of organic chemistry.

Medicine
Author
Renee LeClair
Publisher
Virginia Tech
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-NC-SA
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 147 sections
  1. 01: Matter and Solutions
  2. 1.01: What is Chemistry
  3. 1.02: The Classification of Matter
  4. 1.03: Solutions
  5. 1.04: The Dissolution Process
  6. 1.05: Intermolecular Forces
  7. 1.S: Chemistry and Matter (Summary)
  8. 02: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table
  9. 2.01: The Elements
  10. 2.02: Atomic Theory
  11. 2.03: The Structure of Atoms
  12. 2.04: Nuclei of Atoms
  13. 2.05: Atomic Masses
  14. 2.06: Arrangements of Electrons
  15. 2.07: The Periodic Table
  16. 2.S: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table (Summary)
  17. 03: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
  18. 3.01: Two Types of Bonding
  19. 3.02: Ions
  20. 3.03: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
  21. 3.04: Ionic Nomenclature
  22. 3.S: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Summary)
  23. 04: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
  24. 4.01: Covalent Bonds
  25. 4.02: Covalent Compounds- Formulas and Names
  26. 4.03: Multiple Covalent Bonds
  27. 4.04: Polar Covalent Bonds and Electronegativity
  28. 4.05: Characteristics of Molecules
  29. 4.06: Intermolecular Forces
  30. 4.07: Naming Binary Molecular Compounds
  31. 4.S: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds (Summary)
  32. 05: Classification and Balancing of Chemical Reactions
  33. 5.01: Chemical Equations
  34. 5.02: Balancing Chemical Equations
  35. 5.03: Acids Bases and Neutralization Reactions
  36. 5.04: Redox Reactions
  37. 5.05: Recognizing Redox Reactions
  38. 5.06: Net Ionic Equations
  39. 5.07: Le Chatelier's Principle
  40. 5.S: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Summary)
  41. 06: Organic Chemistry of Hydrocarbons
  42. 6.01: Introduction to Organic Chemistry
  43. 6.02: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas
  44. 6.03: Structures and Names of Alkanes
  45. 6.04: Branched-Chain Alkanes
  46. 6.05: Cycloalkanes
  47. 6.06: IUPAC Nomenclature
  48. 6.07: Alkenes- Structure and Nomenclature
  49. 6.08: Alkenes- Cis-Tran Isomerization
  50. 6.09: Alkynes
  51. 6.10: Aromatic Compounds
  52. 6.11: Aromatic Compounds- Structure and Nomenclature
  53. 6.12: Physical Properties of Hydrocarbons
  54. 6.13: Chapter Summary
  55. 6.E: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Exercises)
  56. 07: Organic Compounds of Oxygen
  57. 7.01: Prelude to Organic Compounds of Oxygen
  58. 7.02: Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
  59. 7.03: Alcohols - Nomenclature and Classification
  60. 7.04: Physical Properties of Alcohols
  61. 7.05: Phenols
  62. 7.06: Ethers
  63. 7.07: Aldehydes and Ketones- Structure and Names
  64. 7.08: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
  65. 7.S: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Summary)
  66. 08: Acids and Bases
  67. 8.01: Brnsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
  68. 8.02: Water is both an Acid and a Base
  69. 8.03: The Strengths of Acids and Bases
  70. 8.04: pH and Kw
  71. 8.05: Buffers
  72. 8.06: Chapter Summary
  73. 09: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
  74. 9.01: Prelude to Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
  75. 9.02: Carboxylic Acids - Structures and Names
  76. 9.03: The Formation of Carboxylic Acids
  77. 9.04: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
  78. 9.05: Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acids- Ionization and Neutralization
  79. 9.06: Esters - Structures and Names
  80. 9.07: Physical Properties of Esters
  81. 9.08: Preparation of Esters
  82. 9.09: Hydrolysis of Esters
  83. 9.S: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives (Summary)
  84. 10: Functional Group Reactions
  85. 10.01: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
  86. 10.02: Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry
  87. 10.03: Reactions that Form Alcohols
  88. 10.04: Reactions of Alcohols
  89. 10.05: The Formation of Carboxylic Acids
  90. 10.06: Properties of Esters
  91. 10.07: Hydrolysis of Esters
  92. 10.08: Hydrolysis of Amides
  93. 10.09: Summary
  94. 11: Carbohydrates
  95. 11.01: Prelude to Carbohydrates
  96. 11.02: Carbohydrates
  97. 11.03: Classes of Monosaccharides
  98. 11.04: Important Hexoses
  99. 11.05: Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
  100. 11.06: Properties of Monosaccharides
  101. 11.07: Disaccharides
  102. 11.08: Polysaccharides
  103. 11.S: Carbohydrates (Summary)
  104. 12: Lipids
  105. 12.01: Prelude to Lipids
  106. 12.02: Fatty Acids
  107. 12.03: Fats and Oils
  108. 12.04: Membranes and Membrane Lipids
  109. 12.05: Steroids
  110. 12.S: Lipids (Summary)
  111. 13: Proteins and Enzymes
  112. 13.01: Properties of Amino Acids
  113. 13.02: Reactions of Amino Acids
  114. 13.03: Organic Sulfur Compounds
  115. 13.04: Amines - Structures and Names
  116. 13.05: Physical Properties of Amines
  117. 13.06: Amines as Bases
  118. 13.07: Amides- Structures and Names
  119. 13.08: Physical Properties of Amides
  120. 13.09: Formation of Amides
  121. 13.10: Chemical Properties of Amides- Hydrolysis
  122. 13.11: Peptides
  123. 13.12: Proteins
  124. 13.13: Enzymes
  125. 13.14: Enzymatic Catalysis
  126. 13.15: Enzyme Activity
  127. 13.16: Enzyme Regulation
  128. 13.17: Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
  129. 13.18: Chapter Summary
  130. 14: Nucleic Acids
  131. 14.01: Nucleotides
  132. 14.02: Nucleic Acid Structure
  133. 14.03: Chapter Summary
  134. 15: Flow of Genetic Information
  135. 15.01: Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
  136. 15.02: Translation
  137. 15.03: Mutations and Genetic Diseases
  138. 16: Energy Metabolism
  139. 16.01: Prelude to Energy Metabolism
  140. 16.02: ATP- the Universal Energy Currency
  141. 16.03: Stage I of Catabolism
  142. 16.04: Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
  143. 16.05: Stage III of Catabolism
  144. 16.06: Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
  145. 16.07: Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
  146. 16.08: Stage II of Protein Catabolism
  147. 16.S: Energy Metabolism (Summary)