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Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System

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Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System

This text covers law enforcement, criminal courts, sentencing, penal institutions, and community-based sanctions. It also includes historical and contemporary perspectives on components of the criminal justice system, as well as the legal and constitutional frameworks in which they operate.

Criminology and Criminal JusticeSocial Sciences
Author
Burke et al.
Publisher
Southern Oregon University
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-SA
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 123 sections
  1. 01: Crime Criminal Justice and Criminology
  2. 1.01: Crime and the Criminal Justice System
  3. 1.02: Deviance Rule Violations and Criminality
  4. 1.03: Social Norms- Folkways Mores Taboo and Laws
  5. 1.04: Interactionist View
  6. 1.05: Consensus View and Decriminalizing Laws
  7. 1.06: Conflict View
  8. 1.07: The Three Cs- Cops Courts and Corrections
  9. 1.08: The Crime Control and Due Process Models
  10. 1.09: How Cases Move Through the System
  11. 1.10: Media Coverage of Crimes
  12. 1.11: Wedding Cake Model of Justice
  13. 1.12: Street Crime Corporate Crime and White-Collar Crime
  14. 1.13: Different Types of Crimes and Offenses
  15. 1.14: Victims and Victim Typologies
  16. 1.15: Victim Rights and Assistance
  17. 02: Defining and Measuring Crime and Criminal Justice
  18. 2.01: Dark or Hidden Figure of Crime
  19. 2.02: Official Statistics
  20. 2.03: Victimization Studies
  21. 2.04: Self-Report Statistics
  22. 2.05: Misusing Statistics
  23. 03: Criminal Law
  24. 3.01: Functions and Limitations of Law
  25. 3.02: Civil Criminal and Moral Wrongs
  26. 3.03: Sources of Criminal Law- Federal and State Constitutions
  27. 3.04: Sources of Criminal Law- Statutes Ordinances and Other Legislative Enactments
  28. 3.05: Sources of Law- Administrative Law Common Law Case Law and Court Rules
  29. 3.06: Classifications of Law
  30. 3.07: Substantive Law- Defining Crimes Inchoate Liability Accomplice Liability and Defenses
  31. 3.08: Substantive Law- Punishment- Incarceration and Confinement Sanctions
  32. 3.09: Substantive Law- Physical Punishment Sentences
  33. 3.10: Substantive Law- Monetary Punishment Sentences
  34. 3.11: Substantive Law- Community-Based Sentences
  35. 3.12: Procedural Law
  36. 04: Criminal Justice Policy
  37. 4.01: Importance of Policy in Criminal Justice
  38. 4.02: The Myth of Moral Panics
  39. 4.03: The Stages of Policy Development
  40. 4.04: Importance of Evidence Based Practices
  41. 4.05: Re-Evaluating Policy
  42. 05: Criminological Theory
  43. 5.01: What is Theory
  44. 5.02: What Makes a Good Theory
  45. 5.03: Pre-Classical Theory
  46. 5.04: Classical School
  47. 5.05: Neoclassical
  48. 5.06: Positivist Criminology
  49. 5.07: Biological and Psychological Positivism
  50. 5.08: The Chicago School
  51. 5.09: Strain Theories
  52. 5.10: Learning Theories
  53. 5.11: Control Theories
  54. 5.12: Other Criminological Theories
  55. 5.13: Spare the Rod Spoil the Child Myth
  56. 06: Policing
  57. 6.01: Policing in Ancient Times
  58. 6.02: Sir Robert Peel
  59. 6.03: Policing Eras
  60. 6.04: Levels of Policing and Role of Police
  61. 6.05: Recruitment and Hiring in Policing
  62. 6.06: Recruitment and Hiring Websites for Future Careers
  63. 6.07: Police Misconduct Accountability and Corruption
  64. 6.08: Current Issues- Police Shootings
  65. 6.09: Current Issues- Use of Force and Vehicle Pursuits
  66. 6.10: Current Issues- Stereotypes in Policing
  67. 6.11: Current Issues- Accountability
  68. 6.12: Current Issues- Internal Affairs and Discipline
  69. 6.13: Current Issues- Body Cameras
  70. 6.14: Myth- Police Only Write Speeding Tickets to Harass Citizens and it is Entrapment.
  71. 07: Courts
  72. 7.01: Introduction to the U.S. Court System
  73. 7.02: Jurisdiction
  74. 7.03: Structure of the Courts- The Dual Court and Federal Court System
  75. 7.04: Structure of the Courts- State Courts
  76. 7.05: American Trial Courts and the Principle of Orality
  77. 7.06: The Appeals Process Standard of Review and Appellate Decisions
  78. 7.07: Federal Appellate Review of State Cases
  79. 7.08: Courtroom Players- Judges and Court Staff
  80. 7.09: Courtroom Players- Prosecutors
  81. 7.10: Courtroom Workgroup- Defense Attorneys
  82. 08: Corrections
  83. 8.01: A Brief History of The Philosophies of Punishment
  84. 8.02: Retribution
  85. 8.03: Deterrence
  86. 8.04: Incapacitation
  87. 8.05: Rehabilitation
  88. 8.06: Prisons and Jails
  89. 8.07: A Brief History of Prisons and Jails
  90. 8.08: Types of Jails
  91. 8.09: Who Goes to Jail
  92. 8.10: Growth of Prisons in the United States
  93. 8.11: Types of Prisons
  94. 8.12: Prison Levels
  95. 8.13: Who Goes to Prison
  96. 09: Community Corrections
  97. 9.01: Diversion
  98. 9.02: Intermediate Sanctions
  99. 9.03: Probation
  100. 9.04: Boot Camps and Shock Incarceration
  101. 9.05: Drug Courts
  102. 9.06: Halfway Houses
  103. 9.07: House Arrest
  104. 9.08: Community Residential Facilities
  105. 9.09: Restorative Justice
  106. 9.10: Parole
  107. 9.11: Current Issues in Corrections
  108. 9.12: Current Issues in Corrections- Mass Incarceration
  109. 9.13: Current Issues in Corrections- War on Drugs and Gangs
  110. 9.14: Current Issues in Corrections- Aging and Overcrowding
  111. 9.15: Current Issues in Corrections- Reentry and the Future of Corrections
  112. 10: Juvenile Justice
  113. 10.01: Youth Crime
  114. 10.02: Juvenile Justice
  115. 10.03: History of the Juvenile Justice System
  116. 10.04: Delinquency
  117. 10.05: Juvenile Justice Process
  118. 10.06: Due Process in the Juvenile Court
  119. 10.07: The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974
  120. 10.08: Getting Tough- Initiatives for Punishment and Accountability
  121. 10.09: Returning to Rehabilitation in the Contemporary Juvenile Justice System
  122. 10.10: The Structure of the Juvenile Justice System
  123. 10.11: Juvenile Institutions