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Fundamentals of Biochemistry II - Bioenergetics and Metabolism

We explore the energetics and chemical transformations of each class of biological molecules through metabolic pathways. We present both catabolic pathways that produce energy and chemical intermediates and anabolic pathways for biosynthesis. Detailed reaction mechanisms and interactive molecule models are used to support an understanding of the structures and functions of key enzymes in the metabolic pathways.

BiochemistryBiology
Author
Henry Jakubowski
Publisher
College of St. Benedict/St. John's University
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-SA
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 60 sections
  1. 12: Bioenergetics and Biochemical Reaction Types
  2. 12.01: Biochemical Reactions and Energy Changes
  3. 12.02: Phosphoryl Group Transfers and ATP
  4. 12.03: The Chemistry and Biochemistry of Dioxygen
  5. 12.04: Biological Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
  6. 13: Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway
  7. 13.01: Glycolysis
  8. 13.02: Fates of Pyruvate under Anaerobic Conditions- Fermentation
  9. 13.03: Gluconeogenesis
  10. 13.04: Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation
  11. 14: Principles of Metabolic Regulation
  12. 14.01: Regulation of Metabolic Pathways
  13. 14.02: Basic Principles of Metabolic Control Analysis (MCA)
  14. 14.03: The Flux Control Coefficient
  15. 14.04: Concentration Control and Elasticity Coefficients
  16. 14.5: Metabolism and Signaling: The Steady State Adaptation and Homeostasis
  17. 15: Glucose Glycogen and Their Metabolic Regulation
  18. 15.01: Insulin Signaling in the Liver
  19. 15.02: Glycogenesis
  20. 15.03: 15.3 Glycogenolyis and its Regulation by Glucagon and Epinephrine Signaling
  21. 15.04: Regulation of Glycolysis
  22. 15.05: Regulation of Gluconeogenesis
  23. 16: The Citric Acid Cycle
  24. 16.01: Production of Acetyl-CoA (Activated Acetate)
  25. 16.02: Reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle
  26. 16.03: Regulation of the Citric Acid Cycle
  27. 16.04: Variants of the Citric Acid Cycle
  28. 17: Fatty Acid Catabolism
  29. 17.01: Digestion Mobilization and Transport of Fats
  30. 17.02: Oxidation of Fatty Acids
  31. 17.03: Ketone Bodies
  32. 18: Nitrogen - Amino Acid Catabolism
  33. 18.01: The Biochemistry of Nitrogen in the Biosphere
  34. 18.02: Metabolic Fates of Amino Groups
  35. 18.03: Nitrogen Excretion and the Urea Cycle
  36. 18.04: An overview of amino acid metabolism and the role of Cofactors
  37. 18.05: Pathways of Amino Acid Degradation
  38. 19: Oxidative Phosphorylation
  39. 19.01: Electron-Transfer Reactions in Mitochondria
  40. 19.02: ATP Synthesis
  41. 19.03: Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation
  42. 20: Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Synthesis in Plants
  43. 20.01: Light Absorption in Photosynthesis - An Overview
  44. 20.02: The Kok Cycle and Oxygen Evolving Complex of Photosystem II
  45. 20.03: Plant Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis
  46. 20.04: CO uptake - Calvin Cycle and C3 organisms
  47. 20.05: CO2 uptake - C4 and CAM Pathways
  48. 20.06: Biosynthesis of Starch Sucrose and Cellulose
  49. 21: Lipid Biosynthesis
  50. 21.01: Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids
  51. 21.02: Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols
  52. 21.03: Biosynthesis of Membrane Glycerolipids
  53. 21.04: Biosynthesis of Membrane Sphingolipids
  54. 21.05: Biosynthesis of Cholesterol and Steroids
  55. 21.06: Biosynthesis of Isoprenoids
  56. 22: Biosynthesis of Amino Acids Nucleotides and Related Molecules
  57. 22.01: Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
  58. 22.02: Biosynthesis of Amino Acids
  59. 22.03: Molecules Derived from Amino Acids
  60. 22.04: Biosynthesis and Degradation of Nucleotides