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Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry
This book aims to teach undergraduates introductory concepts of organic and biochemistry in one semester, assuming introductory general chemistry knowledge. It is intended for health sciences, like pre-nursing, psychology, kinesiology, and non-science majors. This book will hopefully provide enough knowledge to prepare the students to understand basic organic and biochemistry used in their professional subjects and appreciate the impact of chemistry in everyday life. Homework is associated.
- Author
- Muhammad Arif Malik
- Publisher
- Hampton University
- Source
- LibreTexts
- License
- CC0 / Public domain
- Language
- EN
- Category
- Basic Sciences
Contents· 72 sections
- 01: Bonding in organic compounds
- 1.01: What is organic chemistry
- 1.02: What is a chemical bond
- 1.03: Hybridization of orbitals and 3D structures of simple organic compounds
- 1.04: Representing organic compounds
- 1.05: Formal Charge
- 1.06: Resonance
- 02: Nomenclature and physical properties of organic compounds
- 2.01: Hydrocarbons
- 2.02: Functional group
- 2.03: Functional groups containing sp3-hybridized heteroatom
- 2.04: Functional groups containing sp2-hybridized heteroatom
- 2.05: Functional groups containing mix of sp3- and sp2- or sp-hybridized heteroatom
- 03: Stereochemistry
- 3.01: Introduction to stereochemistry
- 3.02: Confirmations
- 3.03: Configurations
- 04: Organic reactions
- 4.01: What is a reaction mechanism
- 4.02: Free Radical Reactions
- 4.03: Acid-base reactions
- 4.04: Nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions
- 4.05: Nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions
- 4.06: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions
- 4.07: Electrophilic addition reactions
- 4.08: Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions
- 4.09: Reduction and oxidation (redox) reactions
- 4.10: Reactions with cyclic transition state
- 05: Carbohydrates
- 5.01: What are carbohydrates
- 5.02: General class names and Common names monosaccharides
- 5.03: Cyclic structures of monosaccharides
- 5.04: Reactions of monosaccharides
- 5.05: Disaccharides
- 5.06: Oligosaccharides
- 5.07: Polysaccharides
- 06: Lipids
- 6.01: What are lipids
- 6.02: Fatty acyls
- 6.03: Glycerolipids
- 6.04: Glycerophospholipids
- 6.05: Sphingolipids
- 6.06: Saccharolipids polyketides and prenols
- 6.07: Sterols
- 6.08: Cell membrane
- 07: Proteins
- 7.01: What are proteins
- 7.02: Amino acids
- 7.03: Primary structure of proteins
- 7.04: Secondary structure of proteins
- 7.05: Tertiary structure of proteins
- 7.06: Quaternary structure of proteins
- 7.07: Summary of protein structure levels
- 7.08: Protein misfolding and denaturation
- 7.09: Enzymes
- 08: Nucleic acids
- 8.01: Nucleotides -the building blocks of nucleic acids
- 8.02: Primary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
- 8.03: Secondary structure and replication of DNA
- 8.04: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and transcription
- 8.05: Translation-Protein Synthesis
- 8.06: Mutations and genetic diseases
- 8.07: Viruses
- 8.08: Genetic engineering
- 09: Food to energy metabolic pathways
- 9.01: Basics of metabolism
- 9.02: Digestion of food
- 9.03: Oxidation of glucose -the glycolysis
- 9.04: Citric acid cycle
- 9.05: Oxidative Phosphorylation
- 9.06: Oxidation of fatty acids
- 9.07: Degradation of amino acids