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ECC: Introduction to General, Organic, & Biochemistry

Chemistry

Author: Sorrentino
Publisher: Erie Community College
Source: LibreTexts
License: CC BY-NC-SA
Language: EN
Category: Basic Sciences

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Contents· 214 sections

01: Chemistry Matter and Measurement
1.01: Prelude to Chemistry Matter and Measurement
1.02: What Is Chemistry
1.03: The Classification of Matter
1.04: Measurements
1.05: Expressing Numbers - Scientific Notation
1.06: Expressing Numbers - Significant Figures
1.07: The International System of Units
1.08: Converting Units
1.09: Exercises
1.10: Chemistry Matter and Measurement (Summary)
02: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table
2.01: Prelude to Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table
2.02: The Elements
2.03: Atomic Theory
2.04: The Structure of Atoms
2.05: Nuclei of Atoms
2.06: Atomic Masses
2.07: Arrangements of Electrons
2.08: The Periodic Table
2.09: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table (Exercises)
2.10: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table (Summary)
03: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
3.1: Prelude to Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
3.2: Two Types of Bonding
3.3: Ions
3.4: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
3.5: Ionic Nomenclature
3.6: Formula Mass
3.7: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Exercises)
3.8: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Summary)
04: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
4.1: Prelude to Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
4.2: Covalent Bonds
4.3: Covalent Compounds - Formulas and Names
4.4: Multiple Covalent Bonds
4.5: Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
4.6: Characteristics of Molecules
4.7: Organic Chemistry
4.8: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds (Exercises)
4.9: Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds (Summary)
05: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
5.1: Prelude to Introduction to Chemical Reactions
5.2: The Law of Conservation of Matter
5.3: Chemical Equations
5.4: Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
5.5: Some Types of Chemical Reactions
5.6: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
5.7: Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
5.8: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Exercises)
5.9: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Summary)
06: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
6.1: Prelude to Quantities in Chemical Reactions
6.2: The Mole
6.3: Atomic and Molar Masses
6.4: Mole-Mass Conversions
6.5: Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
6.6: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
6.7: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Exercise)
6.8: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Summary)
07: Energy and Chemical Processes
7.1: Prelude to Energy and Chemical Processes
7.2: Energy and Its Units
7.3: Heat
7.4: Phase Changes
7.5: Bond Energies
7.6: The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
7.7: Energy and Chemical Processes (Exercises)
7.8: Energy and Chemical Processes (Summary)
08: Solids Liquids and Gases
8.1: Prelude to Solids Liquids and Gases
8.2: Intermolecular Interactions
8.3: Solids and Liquids
8.4: 8.3 Gases and Pressure
8.5: Gas Laws
8.6: Solids Liquids and Gases (Exercises)
8.7: Solids Liquids and Gases (Summary)
09: Solutions
9.1: Prelude to Solutions
9.2: Solutions
9.3: Concentration
9.4: The Dissolution Process
9.5: Properties of Solutions
9.6: Solutions (Exercises)
9.7: Solutions (Summary)
10: Acids and Bases
10.1: Prelude to Acids and Bases
10.2: Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
10.3: Brnsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
10.4: Water - Both an Acid and a Base
10.5: The Strengths of Acids and Bases
10.6: Buffers
10.7: Acids and Bases (Exercises)
10.8: Acids and Bases (Summary)
11: Nuclear Chemistry
11.1: Prelude to Nuclear Chemistry
11.2: Radioactivity
11.3: Half-Life
11.4: Units of Radioactivity
11.5: Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
11.6: Nuclear Energy
11.7: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)
11.8: Nuclear Chemistry (Summary)
12: Organic Chemistry - Alkanes
12.01: Organic Chemistry
12.02: Structures and Names of Alkanes
12.03: Branched-Chain Alkanes
12.04: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas
12.05: IUPAC Nomenclature
12.06: Physical Properties of Alkanes
12.07: Chemical Properties of Alkanes
12.08: Halogenated Hydrocarbons
12.09: Cycloalkanes
12.10: Organic Chemistry - Alkanes
12.11: Organic Chemistry: Alkanes
12.12: Organic Chemistry: Alkanes
13: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
13.01: Prelude to Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
13.02: Alkenes: Structures and Names
13.03: Cis-Trans Isomers (Geometric Isomers)
13.04: Physical Properties of Alkenes
13.05: Chemical Properties of Alkenes
13.06: Polymers
13.07: Alkynes
13.08: Aromatic Compounds: Benzene
13.09: Structure and Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
13.10: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Exercises)
13.11: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Summary)
14: Organic Compounds of Oxygen
14.01: Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
14.02: Alcohols - Nomenclature and Classification
14.03: Physical Properties of Alcohols
14.04: Reactions that Form Alcohols
14.05: Reactions of Alcohols
14.06: Glycols and Glycerol
14.07: Phenols
14.08: Ethers
14.09: Aldehydes and Ketones: Structure and Names
14.10: Prelude to Organic Compounds of Oxygen
14.11: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
14.12: Organic Sulfur Compounds
14.13: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Exercises)
14.14: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Summary)
15: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
15.01: Prelude to Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
15.02: Carboxylic Acids - Structures and Names
15.03: The Formation of Carboxylic Acids
15.04: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
15.05: Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acids: Ionization and Neutralization
15.06: Esters - Structures and Names
15.07: Physical Properties of Esters
15.08: Preparation of Esters
15.09: Hydrolysis of Esters
15.10: Esters of Phosphoric Acid
15.11: Amines - Structures and Names
15.12: Physical Properties of Amines
15.13: Amines as Bases
15.14: Amides: Structures and Names
15.15: Physical Properties of Amides
15.16: Formation of Amides
15.17: Chemical Properties of Amides: Hydrolysis
15.18: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives (Summary)
16: Carbohydrates
16.1: Prelude to Carbohydrates
16.2: Carbohydrates
16.3: Classes of Monosaccharides
16.4: Important Hexoses
16.5: Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
16.6: Properties of Monosaccharides
16.7: Disaccharides
16.8: Polysaccharides
16.9: Carbohydrates (Summary)
17: Lipids
17.1: Prelude to Lipids
17.2: Fatty Acids
17.3: Fats and Oils
17.4: Membranes and Membrane Lipids
17.5: Steroids
17.6: Exercises
17.7: Lipids (Summary)
18: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes
18.01: Properties of Amino Acids
18.02: Reactions of Amino Acids
18.03: Peptides
18.04: Proteins
18.05: Enzymes
18.06: Enzyme Action
18.07: Enzyme Activity
18.08: Enzyme Inhibition
18.09: Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
18.10: Prelude to Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes
18.11: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes (Exercises)
18.12: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes (Summary)
19: Nucleic Acids
19.1: Prelude to Nucleic Acids
19.2: Nucleotides
19.3: Nucleic Acid Structure
19.4: Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
19.5: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
19.6: Mutations and Genetic Diseases
19.7: Viruses
19.8: Nucleic Acids (Exercises)
19.9: Nucleic Acids (Summary)
20: Energy Metabolism
20.01: Prelude to Energy Metabolism
20.02: ATP: the Universal Energy Currency
20.03: Stage I of Catabolism
20.04: Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
20.05: Stage III of Catabolism
20.06: Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
20.07: Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
20.08: Stage II of Protein Catabolism
20.09: Energy Metabolism (Exercises)
20.10: Energy Metabolism (Summary)