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Fundamentals of Biology I (Lumen)

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Fundamentals of Biology I (Lumen)

Biology
Publisher
LibreTexts
Source
LibreTexts
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
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Contents· 296 sections
  1. 01: Main Body
  2. 1.01: Chapter 1
  3. 02: Course Contents
  4. 2.01: About This Course
  5. 2.02: Course Contents at a Glance
  6. 2.03: Learning Outcomes
  7. 03: Faculty Resources
  8. 3.01: Request Access
  9. 04: Module 1- Introduction to Biology
  10. 4.01: Why It Matters- Introduction to Biology
  11. 4.02: Introduction to Characteristics of Life
  12. 4.03: Properties of Life
  13. 4.04: Levels of Organization of Living Things
  14. 4.05: Introduction to The Study of Biology
  15. 4.06: The History of Biology
  16. 4.07: The Diversity of Life
  17. 4.08: Introduction to the Branches of Biology
  18. 4.09: The Branches of Biology
  19. 4.10: Introduction to the Process of Science
  20. 4.11: Scientific Inquiry
  21. 4.12: Basic and Applied Science
  22. 4.13: Summary- The Process of Science
  23. 4.14: Putting It Together- Introduction to Biology
  24. 05: Module 2- History of Life
  25. 5.01: Why It Matters- History of Life
  26. 5.02: Introduction to Evolution
  27. 5.03: Natural Selection
  28. 5.04: Theory of Evolution
  29. 5.05: Evidence of Evolution
  30. 5.06: Misconceptions of Evolution
  31. 5.07: Artificial Selection
  32. 5.08: What is a Species
  33. 5.09: Introduction to Speciation
  34. 5.10: Types of Speciation
  35. 5.11: Reconnection
  36. 5.12: Rates of Speciation
  37. 5.13: Introduction to the Evolution of Populations
  38. 5.14: Population Genetics
  39. 5.15: Genetic Variation and Drift
  40. 5.16: Adaptive Evolution
  41. 5.17: Hardy-Weinberg Principle of Equilibrium
  42. 5.18: Introduction to Phylogenies and the History of Life
  43. 5.19: Phylogenetic Trees
  44. 5.20: Taxonomy
  45. 5.21: Homologous and Analogous Traits
  46. 5.22: Cladistics
  47. 5.23: Perspectives on the Phylogenetic Tree
  48. 5.24: Putting It Together- History of Life
  49. 06: Module 3- Prokaryotes
  50. 6.01: Needs of Prokaryotes
  51. 6.02: How Prokaryotes Get Energy
  52. 6.03: Role of Prokaryotes in Ecosystems
  53. 6.04: Introduction to Bacterial Diseases in Humans
  54. 6.05: Long History of Bacterial Disease
  55. 6.06: Antibiotic Resistance
  56. 6.07: Introduction to Beneficial Prokaryotes
  57. 6.08: Food from Bacteria
  58. 6.09: Bioremediation
  59. 6.10: Microbes and the Human Body
  60. 6.11: Why It Matters- Prokaryotes
  61. 6.12: Putting It Together- Prokaryotes
  62. 6.13: Introduction to Prokaryotic Diversity
  63. 6.14: Evolutionary History of Prokaryotes
  64. 6.15: Life in Moderate and Extreme Environments
  65. 6.16: Introduction to the Structure of Prokaryotes
  66. 6.17: The Prokaryotic Cell
  67. 6.18: Archaea vs. Bacteria
  68. 6.19: Prokaryotic Species Identification
  69. 6.20: Introduction to Prokaryotic Metabolism
  70. 07: Module 4- Protists
  71. 7.01: Pathogenic Protists
  72. 7.02: Putting It Together- Protists
  73. 7.03: Why It Matters- Protists
  74. 7.04: Introduction to the Characteristics of Protists
  75. 7.05: Cell Structure and Motility
  76. 7.06: Metabolism
  77. 7.07: Life Cycles and Habitats
  78. 7.08: Groups of Protists
  79. 7.09: Introduction to the Ecology of Protists
  80. 7.10: Primary Producers
  81. 7.11: Protists as Decomposers
  82. 08: Module 5- Fungi
  83. 8.01: Introduction to Fungal Parasites and Pathogens
  84. 8.02: Infections in Plants
  85. 8.03: Infections in Animals
  86. 8.04: Antifungal Therapy
  87. 8.05: Introduction to Human Usage of Fungi
  88. 8.06: Fungi as Food
  89. 8.07: Fungi as Antibiotics
  90. 8.08: Fungi as Fuel
  91. 8.09: Putting It Together- Fungi
  92. 8.10: Why It Matters- Fungi
  93. 8.11: Introduction to the Characteristics of Fungi
  94. 8.12: Fungal Structure and Habitats
  95. 8.13: Nutrition and Growth
  96. 8.14: Reproduction
  97. 8.15: Classifications of Fungi
  98. 8.16: Introduction to the Ecology of Fungi
  99. 8.17: Decomposers and Recyclers
  100. 8.18: Mutualistic Relationships
  101. 09: Module 6- Plant Diversity
  102. 9.01: Angiosperms
  103. 9.02: The Role of Seed Plants
  104. 9.03: Putting It Together- Plant Diversity
  105. 9.04: Why It Matters- Plant Diversity
  106. 9.05: Introduction to Seedless Plants
  107. 9.06: Early Plant Life
  108. 9.07: Green Algae- Precursors of Land Plants
  109. 9.08: Bryophytes
  110. 9.09: Seedless Vascular Plants
  111. 9.10: Introduction to Seed Plants
  112. 9.11: Evolution of Seed Plants
  113. 9.12: Gymnosperms
  114. 10: Module 7- Plant Structure and Function
  115. 10.01: Plant Sensory Systems and Responses
  116. 10.02: Plant Growth
  117. 10.03: Plant Nutrition
  118. 10.04: Plant Photorespiration
  119. 10.05: Putting It Together- Plant Structure and Function
  120. 10.06: Why It Matters- Plant Structure and Function
  121. 10.07: Introduction to Plant Structures
  122. 10.08: Plant Cells
  123. 10.09: Plant Tissues and Organs
  124. 10.10: Stems
  125. 10.11: Leaves
  126. 10.12: Roots
  127. 10.13: Introduction to Plant Functionality
  128. 10.14: Transport of Water and Solutes in Plants
  129. 11: Module 8- Plant Reproduction
  130. 11.01: Natural and Artificial Asexual Reproduction
  131. 11.02: Plant Life Cycles
  132. 11.03: Putting It Together- Plant Reproduction
  133. 11.04: Why It Matters- Plant Reproduction
  134. 11.05: Introduction to Reproductive Development and Structure
  135. 11.06: Stages of a Plants Life Cycle
  136. 11.07: Sexual Reproduction in Gymnosperms
  137. 11.08: Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
  138. 11.09: Flower Structure
  139. 11.10: Angiosperms versus Gymnosperms
  140. 11.11: Introduction to Asexual Reproduction in Plants
  141. 11.12: Asexual Plants
  142. 12: Module 9- Animal Diversity
  143. 12.01: Putting It Together- Animal Diversity
  144. 12.02: Why It Matters- Animal Diversity
  145. 12.03: Introduction to the Evolutionary History of the Animal Kingdom
  146. 12.04: Pre-Cambrian Animal Life
  147. 12.05: The Cambrian Explosion
  148. 12.06: Post-Cambrian Evolution
  149. 12.07: Introduction to Animal Phylogeny
  150. 12.08: Classifying Animals
  151. 12.09: Constructing an Animal Phylogenetic Tree
  152. 12.10: Modern Revisions of Phylogeny
  153. 13: Module 10- Features of the Animal Kingdom
  154. 13.01: Introduction to Animal Reproduction
  155. 13.02: Processes of Animal Reproduction and Development
  156. 13.03: Embryological Development
  157. 13.04: Introduction to Homeostasis
  158. 13.05: What is Homeostasis
  159. 13.06: Control of Homeostasis
  160. 13.07: Thermoregulation
  161. 13.08: Putting It Together- Features of the Animal Kingdom
  162. 13.09: Why It Matters- Features of the Animal Kingdom
  163. 13.10: Introduction to Animal Form and Function
  164. 13.11: Body Plans
  165. 13.12: Limits on Animal Size and Shape
  166. 13.13: Introduction to Animal Primary Tissues
  167. 13.14: Complex Tissue Structure
  168. 13.15: Epithelial Tissues
  169. 13.16: Connective Tissues
  170. 13.17: Muscle and Nervous Tissues
  171. 14: Module 11- Invertebrates
  172. 14.01: Phylum Platyhelminthes
  173. 14.02: Phylum Rotifera
  174. 14.03: Phylum Nemertea
  175. 14.04: Phylum Mollusca
  176. 14.05: Phylum Annelida
  177. 14.06: Introduction to Superphylum Ecdysozoa
  178. 14.07: Phylum Nematoda
  179. 14.08: Phylum Arthropoda
  180. 14.09: Subphylums of Arthropoda
  181. 14.10: Introduction to Superphylum Deuterostomia
  182. 14.11: Why It Matters- Invertebrates
  183. 14.12: Characteristics of Superphylum Deuterostomia
  184. 14.13: Phylum Echinodermata
  185. 14.14: Putting It Together- Invertebrates
  186. 14.15: Introduction to Phylum Porifera
  187. 14.16: Morphology of Sponges
  188. 14.17: Physiological Processes in Sponges
  189. 14.18: Introduction to Phylum Cnidaria
  190. 14.19: Characteristics of Phylum Cnidaria
  191. 14.20: Classes in the Phylum Cnidaria
  192. 14.21: Introduction to Superphylum Lophotrochozoa
  193. 14.22: Characteristics of Superphylum Lophotrochozoa
  194. 15: Module 12- Vertebrates
  195. 15.01: Amphibians
  196. 15.02: The Life Cycle of Amphibians
  197. 15.03: Clades of Amphibians
  198. 15.04: Introduction to Amniotes
  199. 15.05: Amniotic Animals
  200. 15.06: Evolution of Amniotes
  201. 15.07: Introduction to Reptiles
  202. 15.08: Characteristics of Reptiles
  203. 15.09: Classes of Reptiles
  204. 15.10: Evolutionary History of Reptiles
  205. 15.11: Why It Matters- Vertebrates
  206. 15.12: Introduction to Birds
  207. 15.13: Characteristics of Birds
  208. 15.14: Evolution and Diversity of Birds
  209. 15.15: Introduction to Mammals
  210. 15.16: Mammals
  211. 15.17: Primates
  212. 15.18: Evolution of Humans
  213. 15.19: Putting It Together- Vertebrates
  214. 15.20: Introduction to Chordates
  215. 15.21: Characteristics of Chordates
  216. 15.22: Invertebrate Chordates
  217. 15.23: Craniates
  218. 15.24: Introduction to Fishes
  219. 15.25: Jawless Fishes
  220. 15.26: Jawed Fishes
  221. 15.27: Introduction to Amphibians
  222. 16: Module 13- Overview of Body Systems
  223. 16.01: Sensory Systems
  224. 16.02: Introduction to Cell Maintenance Systems
  225. 16.03: Circulatory System
  226. 16.04: Respiratory System
  227. 16.05: Immune System
  228. 16.06: Digestive System
  229. 16.07: Introduction to Support Systems
  230. 16.08: The Muscular System
  231. 16.09: The Skeletal System
  232. 16.10: Integumentary System
  233. 16.11: Why It Matters- Overview of Body Systems
  234. 16.12: Putting It Together- Overview of Body Systems
  235. 16.13: Introduction to Integration of Systems
  236. 16.14: How Bodies Work
  237. 16.15: Maintaining Homeostasis
  238. 16.16: Blood Calcium and Glucose Levels
  239. 16.17: Introduction to Control Systems
  240. 16.18: Nervous System
  241. 16.19: Endocrine System
  242. 16.20: Reproductive System
  243. 17: Module 14- Ecology of Living Things
  244. 17.01: Abiotic Factors Influencing Plant Growth
  245. 17.02: Water and Other Factors
  246. 17.03: Introduction to Biomes
  247. 17.04: Characteristics of Terrestrial Biomes
  248. 17.05: Major Terrestrial Biomes
  249. 17.06: Characteristics of Aquatic Biomes
  250. 17.07: Major Oceanic Biomes
  251. 17.08: Major Freshwater Biomes
  252. 17.09: Introduction to Population Ecology
  253. 17.10: Population Demography
  254. 17.11: Why It Matters- Ecology of Living Things
  255. 17.12: Life Histories and Natural Selection
  256. 17.13: Human Population Growth
  257. 17.14: Introduction to Community Ecology
  258. 17.15: Predation and Herbivory
  259. 17.16: Competition
  260. 17.17: Symbiosis
  261. 17.18: Community Structure and Dynamics
  262. 17.19: Putting It Together- Ecology of Living Things
  263. 17.20: Introduction to the Scope of Ecology
  264. 17.21: What Is Ecology
  265. 17.22: Levels of Ecological Research
  266. 17.23: Branches of Ecology
  267. 17.24: Introduction to Biotic and Abiotic Factors
  268. 17.25: Biogeography and Species Distribution
  269. 17.26: Energy Sources
  270. 17.27: Temperature
  271. 18: Module 15- Ecology and the Environment
  272. 18.01: The Phosphorus Cycle
  273. 18.02: The Sulfur Cycle
  274. 18.03: Introduction to Climate Change
  275. 18.04: What is Climate Change
  276. 18.05: Evidence for Global Climate Change
  277. 18.06: Drivers of Global Climate Change
  278. 18.07: Documented Results of Climate Change
  279. 18.08: Human Impact on the Environment
  280. 18.09: Introduction to Conservation Biology and Biodiversity
  281. 18.10: Biodiversity
  282. 18.11: Why It Matters- Ecology and the Environment
  283. 18.12: Mass Extinctions
  284. 18.13: The Importance of Biodiversity to Human Life
  285. 18.14: Threats to Biodiversity
  286. 18.15: Current Biodiversity
  287. 18.16: Preserving Biodiversity
  288. 18.17: Putting It Together- Ecology and the Environment
  289. 18.18: Introduction to Energy in the Environment
  290. 18.19: Ecology of Ecosystems
  291. 18.20: Food Chains and Food Webs
  292. 18.21: Energy Flow through Ecosystems
  293. 18.22: Introduction to Biogeochemical Cycles
  294. 18.23: The Hydrologic Cycle
  295. 18.24: The Carbon Cycle
  296. 18.25: The Nitrogen Cycle