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Phys 111: Physics, Symmetry, and Conservation

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Phys 111: Physics, Symmetry, and Conservation

This text is an introductory calculus-based course focusing on classical mechanics, emphasizing the fundamental link between symmetries and conservation laws (Noether's Theorem). It covers conservation of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum, alongside forces, kinematics, and rotational motion.

Physics
Author
Mitch Powers
Publisher
Gettysburg College
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-SA
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 200 sections
  1. 01: Conservation and Symmetry
  2. 1.01: Abstraction and Modeling
  3. 1.1.01: About this Text
  4. 1.1.02: Modeling in Physics
  5. 1.1.03: Units and Standards
  6. 1.1.04: Unit Conversion
  7. 1.1.05: Dimensional Analysis
  8. 1.1.06: Estimates and Fermi Calculations
  9. 1.1.E: Exercises
  10. 1.02: Particles and Interactions
  11. 1.2.01: Inertia
  12. 1.2.02: Momentum
  13. 1.2.03: Force and Impulse
  14. 1.2.04: Examples
  15. 1.2.05: Particles and Interactions (Exercises)
  16. 1.03: Vector Analysis
  17. 1.3.01: Position Vectors and Components
  18. 1.3.02: Vector Algebra in 1 Dimension
  19. 1.3.03: Vector Algebra in 2 Dimensions- Graphical
  20. 1.3.04: Vector Algebra in Multiple Dimensions- Calculations
  21. 1.3.E: Vectors (Exercises)
  22. 1.04: Systems and The Center of Mass
  23. 1.4.01: The Law of Inertia
  24. 1.4.02: Extended Systems and Center of Mass
  25. 1.4.03: Reference Frame Changes and Relative Motion
  26. 1.4.04: Examples
  27. 1.4.E: Systems and the Center of Mass Exercises
  28. 1.05: Conservation of Momentum
  29. 1.5.01: Conservation of Linear Momentum
  30. 1.5.02: The Problem Solving Framework
  31. 1.5.03: Examples
  32. 1.5.04: More Examples
  33. 1.5.E: Conservation of Momentum (Exercises)
  34. 1.06: Conservation of Energy- Kinetic and Gravitational
  35. 1.6.01: Kinetic Energy
  36. 1.6.02: Conservative Interactions
  37. 1.6.03: The Inverse-Square Law
  38. 1.6.04: Conservation of Energy
  39. 1.6.05: Dissipation of Energy and Thermal Energy
  40. 1.6.06: Relative Velocity and the Coefficient of Restitution
  41. 1.6.07: Examples
  42. 1.6.E: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy (Exercises)
  43. 1.07: Potential Energy- Graphs and Springs
  44. 1.7.01: Potential Energy of a System
  45. 1.7.02: Potential Energy Functions
  46. 1.7.03: Potential Energy Graphs
  47. 1.7.04: Examples
  48. 1.7.E: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy (Exercises)
  49. 1.08: Work
  50. 1.8.01: Introduction- Work and Impulse
  51. 1.8.02: Work on a Single Particle
  52. 1.8.03: The Center of Mass Work
  53. 1.8.04: Examples
  54. 1.8.E: Work and Kinetic Energy (Exercises)
  55. 1.09: Conservation of Angular Momentum I
  56. 1.9.01: Angular Momentum
  57. 1.9.02: Angular Momentum and Torque
  58. 1.9.03: Examples
  59. 1.9.E: Angular Momentum (Exercises)
  60. 1.10: Rotational Energy
  61. 1.10.01: Rotational Kinetic Energy and Moment of Inertia
  62. 1.10.02: Rolling Motion
  63. 1.10.03: Examples
  64. 1.10.E: Fixed-Axis Rotation Introduction (Exercises)
  65. 1.11: Conservation of Angular Momentum II
  66. 1.11.01: The Angular Momentum of a Point and The Cross Product
  67. 1.11.02: Torque
  68. 1.11.03: Examples
  69. 1.11.04: Extended Mass Distributions
  70. 1.11.E: Angular Momentum (Exercises)
  71. 1.12: Thermal Energy
  72. 1.12.01: Lost Energy and the Discovery of Conservation of Energy
  73. 1.12.02: Kinetic Theory of Heat
  74. 1.12.03: Thermometers and Temperature Scales
  75. 1.12.04: Heat Transfer Specific Heat and Calorimetry
  76. 1.12.05: Microscopic Origins of Thermal Expansion
  77. 1.12.06: Thermal Energy (Exercises)
  78. 1.13: Other Forms of Energy
  79. 1.13.01: Phase Changes
  80. 1.13.02: Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
  81. 1.13.03: Temperature and Heat (Exercises)
  82. 1.14: Collisions in Summary
  83. 1.14.01: Types of Collisions
  84. 1.14.02: Examples
  85. 1.14.E: Collisions (Exercises)
  86. 02: Forces and Kinematics
  87. 2.01: N1) Newton's Laws
  88. 2.1.01: Forces and Newton's Three Laws
  89. 2.1.02: Details on Newton's First Law
  90. 2.1.03: Details on Newton's Second Law
  91. 2.1.04: Details on Newtons Third Law
  92. 2.1.05: Free-Body Diagrams
  93. 2.1.06: Motion on a Circle (Or Part of a Circle)
  94. 2.1.07: Newton's Laws of Motion (Exercises)
  95. 2.02: N2) 1 Dimensional Kinematics
  96. 2.2.01: Vector Calculus
  97. 2.2.02: Position Displacement Velocity
  98. 2.2.03: Acceleration
  99. 2.2.04: Free Fall
  100. 2.2.05: The Connection Between Displacement Velocity and Acceleration
  101. 2.2.06: Examples
  102. 2.2.E: Motion Along a Straight Line (Exercises)
  103. 2.03: N3) 2 Dimensional Kinematics and Projectile Motion
  104. 2.3.01: Dealing with Forces in Two Dimensions
  105. 2.3.02: Motion in Two Dimensions and Projectile Motion
  106. 2.3.03: Inclined Planes
  107. 2.3.04: Examples
  108. 2.3.E: Projectile Motion (Exercises)
  109. 2.04: N4) Motion from Forces
  110. 2.4.01: Solving Problems with Newton's Laws (Part 1)
  111. 2.4.02: Solving Problems with Newton's Laws (Part 2)
  112. 2.4.03: Examples
  113. 2.4.E: Newton's Laws of Motion (Exercises)
  114. 2.05: N5) Friction
  115. 2.5.01: Friction (Part 1)
  116. 2.5.02: Friction (Part 2)
  117. 2.5.03: More Examples
  118. 2.5.E: Friction (Exercises)
  119. 2.06: N6) Statics and Springs
  120. 2.6.01: Conditions for Static Equilibrium
  121. 2.6.02: Springs
  122. 2.6.03: Examples
  123. 2.6.E: Static Equilibrium and Elasticity (Exercises)
  124. 2.07: N7) Circular Motion
  125. 2.7.01: Banking
  126. 2.7.02: Examples
  127. 2.7.E: Applications of Newton's Laws (Exercises)
  128. 2.08: N8) Forces Energy and Work
  129. 2.8.01: Forces and Potential Energy
  130. 2.8.02: Work Done on a System By All the External Forces
  131. 2.8.03: Forces Not Derived From a Potential Energy
  132. 2.8.04: Examples
  133. 2.8.E: Work and Kinetic Energy (Exercises)
  134. 2.09: N9) Rotational Motion
  135. 2.9.01: Rotational Variables
  136. 2.9.02: Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration
  137. 2.9.03: Relating Angular and Translational Quantities
  138. 2.9.04: Newtons Second Law for Rotation
  139. 2.9.05: Examples
  140. 2.9.E: Fixed-Axis Rotation Introduction (Exercises)
  141. 2.10: N10) Simple Harmonic Motion
  142. 2.10.01: Introduction- The Physics of Oscillations
  143. 2.10.02: Simple Harmonic Motion
  144. 2.10.03: Pendulums
  145. 2.10.04: In Summary
  146. 2.10.05: Examples
  147. 2.10.06: Advanced Topics
  148. 2.10.07: Simple Harmonic Motion- Exercises
  149. 03: Relativity (in progress)
  150. 3.01: Einsteins Postulates
  151. 3.02: The Relativity Principle
  152. 3.03: The Nature of Time
  153. 3.04: Measuring Lengths and Coincidences
  154. 3.05: Waves and Aether
  155. 3.06: (Optional - Includes more math) Derivation of the Lorentz Transformations
  156. 3.07: Relativistic Velocity Transformation
  157. 3.08: Doppler Effect for Light
  158. 3.09: An Invariant Measure of Length
  159. 3.10: Ultrarelativistic particles
  160. 3.11: Emc
  161. 3.12: Relativistic Momentum
  162. 3.13: Relativistic Energy
  163. 3.14: Time Dialation and Space Contraction Revisited
  164. 3.15: (Graphical Derivation using World lines) Addition of Velocities
  165. 3.16: Twin Paradox
  166. 3.17: Paradoxes
  167. 3.A: Relativity (Answers)
  168. 3.E: Relativity (Exercises)
  169. 04: Miscellanea
  170. 4.01: Problem Solving
  171. 4.1.01: All models are wrong some models are useful
  172. 4.02: Math Review
  173. 4.2.01: Introduction
  174. 4.2.02: Geometrical Shapes
  175. 4.2.03: Triangles
  176. 4.2.04: The Rectangular Coordinate Systems and Graphs
  177. 4.2.05: Finding Angle Measurements
  178. 4.2.06: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
  179. 4.2.07: Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities
  180. 4.2.7.01: Solving Linera Equations
  181. 4.2.7.02: Solving Inequalities
  182. 4.2.7.03: Solving Quadratic Equations
  183. 4.2.7.04: Solving a System of Linear Equations
  184. 4.2.7.05: Solving a System of Linear Equations with Cramer's Rule
  185. 4.2.08: Functions
  186. 4.2.8.01: Basic Functions
  187. 4.2.8.02: Trigonometric Functions
  188. 4.2.8.03: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
  189. 4.2.8.04: Properties of Logarithms
  190. 4.2.8.05: Exponential and Logarithmic Models
  191. 4.2.09: Vectors
  192. 4.2.9.01: Review of Trigonometry
  193. 4.2.9.02: Right Angle Triangle Trigonometry
  194. 4.2.9.03: Scalars and Vectors
  195. 4.2.9.04: Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector
  196. 4.2.9.05: Algebra of Vectors
  197. 4.2.9.06: Products of Vectors
  198. 4.2.9.07: Further Topics
  199. 4.2.9.E: Practice
  200. 4.2.10: Vectors