
External
113 Fundamentals of Chemistry
- Author
- Amy Osborne
- Publisher
- SUNY Schenectady County Community College
- Source
- LibreTexts
- Language
- EN
- Category
- Basic Sciences
Contents· 99 sections
- 01: First Chapter
- 1.01: Prelude to Chemistry
- 1.02: Chemistry as a Science
- 02: Measurements and Calculations
- 2.01: Prelude to Measurements
- 2.02: Expressing Numbers
- 2.03: Expressing Units
- 2.04: Significant Figures
- 2.05: Converting Units
- 2.06: Other Units - Temperature and Density
- 2.6.01: Temperature - Random Motion of Molecules and Atoms
- 2.E: Measurements (Exercises)
- 03: Matter and Energy
- 3.01: Introduction to Matter and Energy
- 3.02: Classifying Matter According to Its StateSolid Liquid and Gas
- 3.03: Classifying Matter According to Its Composition
- 3.04: Differences in Matter- Physical and Chemical Properties
- 3.05: Changes in Matter - Physical and Chemical Changes
- 3.06: Conservation of Mass - There is No New Matter
- 3.07: Energy
- 3.08: Phase Changes
- 04: Atoms Elements and Molecules
- 4.01: Cutting Aluminum until you get Atoms
- 4.02: Indivisible - The Atomic Theory
- 4.03: The Nuclear Atom
- 4.04: The Properties of Protons Neutrons and Electrons
- 4.05: The Elements
- 4.06: Looking for Patterns - The Periodic Table
- 4.07: Ions - Losing and Gaining Electrons
- 4.08: Isotopes - When the Number of Neutrons Varies
- 4.09: Atomic Mass - The Average Mass of an Elements Atoms
- 4.10: Compounds Display Constant Composition
- 4.11: Chemical Formulas - How to Represent Compounds
- 4.12: A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds
- 05: Electronic Structure
- 5.01: Prelude to Electronic Structure
- 5.02: Light
- 5.03: Quantum Numbers for Electrons
- 5.04: Organization of Electrons in Atoms
- 5.05: Electronic Structure and the Periodic Table
- 5.06: Periodic Trends
- 5.E: Electronic Structure (Exercises)
- 06: Chemical Bonding
- 6.01: Introduction to Chemical Bonding
- 6.02: Lewis Structures of Ionic Compounds- Electrons Transferred
- 6.03: Covalent Lewis Structures- Electrons Shared
- 6.04: Writing Lewis Structures for Covalent Compounds
- 6.05: Resonance - Equivalent Lewis Structures for the Same Molecule
- 6.06: Other Aspects of Covalent Bonds
- 6.07: Molecular Shapes
- 07: Molecules and Nomenclature
- 7.01: Introduction to Molecules and Nomenclature
- 7.02: Nomenclature- Naming Compounds
- 7.03: Naming Ionic Compounds
- 7.04: Naming Molecular Compounds
- 7.05: Naming Acids
- 7.06: Nomenclature Summary
- 08: Chemical Reactions
- 8.01: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
- 8.02: The Chemical Equation
- 8.03: How to Write Balanced Chemical Equations
- 8.04: Aqueous Solutions and Solubility - Compounds Dissolved in Water
- 8.05: Precipitation Reactions
- 8.06: Writing Chemical Equations for Reactions in Solution- Molecular Complete Ionic and Net Ionic Equations
- 8.07: Some Types of Chemical Reactions
- 8.08: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
- 09: Stoichiometry and the Mole
- 9.01: Introduction to Stoichiometry and the Mole
- 9.02: The Mole
- 9.03: The Mole in Chemical Reactions
- 9.04: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Calculations
- 9.05: Limiting Reactant and Theoretical Yield
- 9.06: Limiting Reactant Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield from Initial Masses of Reactants
- 10: Solutions
- 10.01: Introduction to Solutions
- 10.02: Definitions
- 10.03: Quantitative Units of Concentration
- 10.04: Dilutions and Concentrations
- 10.05: Concentrations as Conversion Factors
- 11: Acids and Bases
- 11.01: Sour Patch Kids and International Spy Movies
- 11.02: Acids- Properties and Examples
- 11.03: Bases- Properties and Examples
- 11.04: Molecular Definitions of Acids and Bases
- 11.05: Reactions of Acids and Bases
- 11.06: AcidBase Titration
- 11.07: Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
- 11.08: Water - Acid and Base in One
- 11.09: The pH and pOH Scales - Ways to Express Acidity and Basicity
- 11.10: Buffers- Solutions that Resist pH Change
- 12: Gases
- 12.01: Introduction to Gases
- 12.02: Boyles Law - Pressure and Volume
- 12.03: Charless Law- Volume and Temperature
- 12.04: Gay-Lussac's Law- Temperature and Pressure
- 12.05: The Combined Gas Law- Pressure Volume and Temperature
- 12.06: Avogadros Law- Volume and Moles
- 12.07: The Ideal Gas Law- Pressure Volume Temperature and Moles
- 12.08: Mixtures of Gases - Why Deep-Sea Divers Breathe a Mixture of Helium and Oxygen