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Operational Amplifiers: Theory and Practice

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Operational Amplifiers: Theory and Practice

Feedback control is an important technique that is used in many modern electronic and electromechanical systems. The successful inclusion of this technique improves performance, reliability, and cost effectiveness of many designs. In this series of lectures we introduce the analytical concepts that underlie classical feedback system design. The application of these concepts is illustrated by a variety of experiments and demonstration systems to reinforce the value of the analytic methods.

Electrical EngineeringEngineering
Author
James K. Roberge
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-NC-SA
Language
EN
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 70 sections
  1. 01: Background and Objectives
  2. 1.01: Introduction
  3. 1.02: The Closed-loop Gain of an Operational Amplifier
  4. 1.03: OVERVIEW
  5. 02: Properties and Modeling of Feedback Systems
  6. 2.01: INTRODUCTION
  7. 2.02: SYMBOLOGY
  8. 2.03: ADVANTAGES OF FEEDBACK
  9. 2.04: BLOCK DIAGRAMS
  10. 2.05: EFFECTS OF FEEDBACK ON INPUT AND OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
  11. 03: Linear System Response
  12. 3.01: OBJECTIVES
  13. 3.02: LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
  14. 3.03: Transient Response
  15. 3.04: Frequency Response
  16. 3.05: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TRANSIENT RESPONSE AND FREQUENCY RESPONSE
  17. 3.06: ERROR COEFFICIENTS
  18. 04: Stability
  19. 4.01: THE STABILITY PROBLEM
  20. 4.02: THE ROUTH CRITERION
  21. 4.03: ROOT-LOCUS TECHNIQUES
  22. 4.04: STABILITY BASED ON FREQUENCY RESPONSE
  23. 05: Compensation
  24. 5.01: OBJECTIVES
  25. 5.02: Series Compensation
  26. 5.03: Feedback Compensation
  27. 06: Non-Linear Systems
  28. 6.01: Introduction to Non-Linear Systems
  29. 6.02: Linearization
  30. 6.03: Describing Function
  31. 07: Direct-Coupled Amplifiers
  32. 7.01: Introduction to Direct-Coupled Amplifiers
  33. 7.02: DRIFT REFERRED TO THE INPUT
  34. 7.03: THE DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER
  35. 7.04: INPUT CURRENT
  36. 7.05: DRIFT CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE SECOND STAGE
  37. 7.06: CONCLUSIONS
  38. 08: Operational-Amplifier Design Techniques
  39. 8.01: INTRODUCTION
  40. 8.02: AMPLIFIER TOPOLOGIES
  41. 8.03: HIGH-GAIN STAGES
  42. 8.04: OUTPUT AMPLIFIERS
  43. 09: An Illustrative Design
  44. 9.01: CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
  45. 9.02: ANALYSIS
  46. 9.03: OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
  47. 9.04: EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
  48. 10: Integrated-Circuit Operational Amplifiers
  49. 10.01: INRODUCTION
  50. 10.02: FABRICATION
  51. 10.03: INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT DESIGN TECHNIQUES
  52. 10.04: REPRESENTATIVE INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
  53. 10.05: ADDITIONS TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE
  54. 11: Basic Applications
  55. 11.01: INTRODUCTION
  56. 11.02: SPECIFICATIONS
  57. 11.03: GENERAL PRECAUTIONS
  58. 11.04: REPRESENTATIVE LINEAR CONNECTIONS
  59. 11.05: NONLINEAR CONNECTIONS
  60. 11.06: APPLICATIONS INVOLVING ANALOG-SIGNAL SWITCHING
  61. 12: Advanced Applications
  62. 12.01: SINUSOIDAL OSCILLATORS
  63. 12.02: NONLINEAR OSCILLATORS
  64. 12.03: ANALOG COMPUTATION
  65. 12.04: ACTIVE FILTERS
  66. 12.05: FURTHER EXAMPLES
  67. 13: Compensation Revisited
  68. 13.01: INTRODUCTION
  69. 13.02: COMPENSATION WHEN THE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER TRANSFER FUNCTION IS FIXED
  70. 13.03: COMPENSATION BY CHANGING THE AMPLIFIER TRANSFER FUNCTION