Phu Xuan University Library
|
PXU E-LIB
Sign in
Beginning Chemistry

External

Beginning Chemistry

This introductory chemistry textbook provides a foundational overview of key concepts, offering students an entry point into the field. Covering essential topics, it equips learners with a fundamental understanding of chemistry’s role in everyday life. The text serves as both a standalone introduction and a stepping stone for further study at the college level.

Chemistry
Author
Theodore Chan
Publisher
Fullerton College
Source
LibreTexts
License
CC BY-NC-SA
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 181 sections
  1. 01: What Is Chemistry
  2. 1.01: Prelude to Chemistry
  3. 1.02: Basic Definitions
  4. 1.03: Chemistry as a Science
  5. 1.E: What Is Chemistry (Exercises)
  6. 02: Measurements
  7. 2.01: Prelude to Measurements
  8. 2.02: Expressing Numbers
  9. 2.03: Expressing Units
  10. 2.04: Significant Figures
  11. 2.05: Converting Units
  12. 2.06: Other Units - Temperature and Density
  13. 2.E: Measurements (Exercises)
  14. 03: Atoms
  15. 3.01: Prelude to Atoms
  16. 3.02: Atomic Theory
  17. 3.03: Masses of Atoms and Molecules
  18. 3.04: Periodic Law
  19. 3.4.01: Modern Periodic Table- Periods and Groups
  20. 3.05: Metals
  21. 3.06: Nonmetals
  22. 3.07: Metalloids
  23. 3.E: Atoms (Exercises)
  24. 04: Electronic Structure
  25. 4.01: Prelude to Electronic Structure
  26. 4.02: Light
  27. 4.03: Atomic Emission Spectra
  28. 4.04: Bohr's Atomic Model
  29. 4.05: Quantum Mechanics
  30. 4.06: Quantum Mechanical Atomic Model
  31. 4.07: Energy Level
  32. 4.08: Orbitals
  33. 4.09: Aufbau Principle
  34. 4.10: Pauli Exclusion Principle
  35. 4.11: Hund's Rule and Orbital Filling Diagrams
  36. 4.12: Electron Configurations
  37. 4.13: Valence Electrons
  38. 4.14: Noble Gas Configuration
  39. 4.15: Periodic Trends- Atomic Radius
  40. 4.16: Periodic Trends - Ionization Energy
  41. 4.17: Electron Shielding
  42. 4.18: Periodic Trends - Electron Affinity
  43. 4.19: Periodic Trends - Metallic and Nonmetallic Character
  44. 4.E: Electronic Structure (Exercises)
  45. 05: Chemical Bonds
  46. 5.01: Prelude to Chemical Bonds
  47. 5.02: Lewis Electron Dot Diagrams
  48. 5.03: Ions and Ionic Compounds
  49. 5.04: Electron Transfer - Ionic Bonds
  50. 5.05: Periodic Trends- Electronegativity
  51. 5.06: Covalent Bonds
  52. 5.07: Molecules and Chemical Nomenclature
  53. 5.08: Other Aspects of Covalent Bonds
  54. 5.09: Violations of the Octet Rule
  55. 5.10: Molecular Shapes
  56. 5.11: Acids
  57. 5.E: Chemical Bonds (Exercises)
  58. 06: Chemical Reactions and Equations
  59. 6.01: Prelude to Chemical Reactions
  60. 6.02: The Chemical Equation
  61. 6.03: Types of Chemical Reactions - Single and Double Replacement Reactions
  62. 6.04: Composition Decomposition and Combustion Reactions
  63. 6.E: Chemical Reactions and Equations (Exercises)
  64. 07: Stoichiometry and the Mole
  65. 7.01: Introduction
  66. 7.02: Stoichiometry
  67. 7.03: The Mole
  68. 7.04: The Mole in Chemical Reactions
  69. 7.05: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Calculations
  70. 7.06: Yields
  71. 7.07: Limiting Reagents
  72. 7.E: Stoichiometry and the Mole (Exercises)
  73. 08: Gases
  74. 8.01: Prelude to Gases
  75. 8.02: Kinetic Theory of Gases
  76. 8.03: Pressure
  77. 8.04: Gas Laws
  78. 8.05: Other Gas Laws
  79. 8.06: The Ideal Gas Law and Some Applications
  80. 8.07: Gas Mixtures
  81. 8.E: Gases (Exercises)
  82. 09: Energy and Chemistry
  83. 9.01: Introduction
  84. 9.02: Energy
  85. 9.03: Work and Heat
  86. 9.04: Enthalpy and Chemical Reactions
  87. 9.05: Stoichiometry Calculations Using Enthalpy
  88. 9.06: Hess's Law
  89. 9.07: Formation Reactions
  90. 9.E: Energy and Chemistry (Exercises)
  91. 10: Solids and Liquids
  92. 10.01: Prelude to Solids and Liquids
  93. 10.02: Intermolecular Forces
  94. 10.03: Phase Transitions - Melting Boiling and Subliming
  95. 10.04: Properties of Liquids
  96. 10.05: Solids
  97. 10.E: Solids and Liquids (Exercises)
  98. 11: Solutions
  99. 11.01: Prelude to Solutions
  100. 11.02: Definitions
  101. 11.03: Ionic Equations - A Closer Look
  102. 11.04: Quantitative Units of Concentration
  103. 11.05: Dilutions and Concentrations
  104. 11.06: Concentrations as Conversion Factors
  105. 11.07: Colligative Properties of Solutions
  106. 11.08: Colligative Properties of Ionic Solutes
  107. 11.E: Solutions (Exercises)
  108. 12: Kinetics
  109. 12.01: Chemical Reaction Rate
  110. 12.02: Collision Theory
  111. 12.03: Activation Energy
  112. 12.04: Potential Energy Diagrams
  113. 12.05: Activated Complex
  114. 12.06: Factors Affecting Reaction Rate
  115. 12.07: Catalysts
  116. 12.08: Rate Law and Specific Rate Constant
  117. 12.09: Order of Reaction
  118. 12.10: Determining the Rate Law from Experimental Data
  119. 12.11: Reaction Mechanisms and the Elementary Step
  120. 12.12: Reaction Intermediate
  121. 12.13: Molecularity
  122. 12.14: Rate-Determining Step
  123. 12.15: Mechanisms and Potential Energy Diagrams
  124. 13: Chemical Equilibrium
  125. 13.01: Prelude to Chemical Equilibrium
  126. 13.02: Chemical Equilibrium
  127. 13.03: The Equilibrium Constant
  128. 13.04: Shifting Equilibria - Le Chatelier's Principle
  129. 13.05: Calculating Equilibrium Constant Values
  130. 13.06: Some Special Types of Equilibria
  131. 13.07: End-of-Chapter Material
  132. 14: Acids and Bases
  133. 14.01: Introduction
  134. 14.02: Arrhenius Acids and Bases
  135. 14.03: Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
  136. 14.04: Neutralization Reactions
  137. 14.05: Acid-Base Titrations
  138. 14.06: Strong and Weak Acids and Bases and their Salts
  139. 14.07: Autoionization of Water
  140. 14.08: The pH Scale
  141. 14.09: Buffers
  142. 14.E: Acids and Bases (Exercises)
  143. 15: Oxidation and Reduction
  144. 15.01: Introduction to Oxidation and Reduction
  145. 15.02: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
  146. 15.03: Balancing Redox Reactions
  147. 15.04: Applications of Redox Reactions - Voltaic Cells
  148. 15.05: Electrolysis
  149. 15.E: Oxidation-Reduction Reaction (Exercises)
  150. 16: Nuclear Chemistry
  151. 16.01: Prelude to Nuclear Chemistry
  152. 16.02: Radioactivity
  153. 16.03: Half-Life
  154. 16.04: Units of Radioactivity
  155. 16.05: Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
  156. 16.06: Nuclear Energy
  157. 16.E: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)
  158. 17: Organic Chemistry
  159. 17.01: Prelude to Organic Chemistry
  160. 17.02: Hydrocarbons
  161. 17.03: Branched Hydrocarbons
  162. 17.04: Alkyl Halides and Alcohols
  163. 17.05: Other Oxygen-Containing Functional Groups
  164. 17.06: Other Functional Groups
  165. 17.07: Polymers
  166. 17.E: Organic Chemistry (Exercises)
  167. 18: Biochemistry
  168. 18.01: Monosaccharides
  169. 18.02: Disaccharides
  170. 18.03: Polysaccharides
  171. 18.04: Amino Acids
  172. 18.05: Peptides
  173. 18.06: Proteins
  174. 18.07: Enzymes
  175. 18.08: Triglycerides
  176. 18.09: Phospholipids
  177. 18.10: Waxes
  178. 18.11: Nucleic Acids
  179. 18.12: DNA and RNA
  180. 18.13: Genetic Code
  181. 18.14: Protein Synthesis