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Introductory_Chemistry_at_Solano_College

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Introductory_Chemistry_at_Solano_College

Chemistry
Author
Commodore St Germain
Publisher
Solano College
Source
LibreTexts
Language
EN
Category
Basic Sciences
Read online Download PDF (open licence)
Contents· 197 sections
  1. 01: Introduction To Chemistry
  2. 1.01: Scope of Chemistry
  3. 1.02: Areas of Chemistry
  4. 1.03: Research
  5. 1.04: Scientific Problem Solving
  6. 02: Numbers From Measurements
  7. 2.01: Accuracy and Precision
  8. 2.02: Percent Error
  9. 2.03: Measurement Uncertainty
  10. 2.04: Significant Figures
  11. 2.05: Rounding
  12. 2.06: Significant Figures in Addition and Subtraction
  13. 2.07: Significant Figures in Multiplication and Division
  14. 2.08: Scientific Notation
  15. 03: Unit Systems and Dimensional Analysis
  16. 3.01: SI Base Units
  17. 3.02: Metric Prefixes
  18. 3.03: Length and Volume
  19. 3.04: Mass and Weight
  20. 3.05: Metric Unit Conversions
  21. 3.06: Derived Units
  22. 3.07: Dimensional Analysis
  23. 3.08: Density
  24. 3.09: Kinetic Energy
  25. 3.10: Temperature and Temperature Scales
  26. 04: Matter and Change
  27. 4.01: Matter Mass and Volume
  28. 4.02: States of Matter
  29. 4.03: Physical Properties
  30. 4.04: Chemical Properties and Chemical Reactions
  31. 4.05: Extensive and Intensive Properties
  32. 4.06: Physical Change
  33. 4.07: Chemical Change
  34. 4.08: Recognizing Chemical Reactions
  35. 4.09: Pure Substances
  36. 4.10: Mixture
  37. 4.11: Heterogeneous Mixtures
  38. 4.12: Homogeneous Mixture
  39. 4.13: Separating Mixtures
  40. 4.14: Elements
  41. 4.15: Compounds
  42. 4.16: Chemical Symbols and Formulas
  43. 4.17: A Molecular View of Elements and Compounds
  44. 05: Atoms Molecules and Subatomic Particles
  45. 5.01: Atom
  46. 5.02: Protons
  47. 5.03: Neutrons
  48. 5.04: Electrons
  49. 5.05: Atomic Nucleus
  50. 5.06: Atomic Number
  51. 5.07: Mass Number
  52. 5.08: Isotopes
  53. 5.09: Atomic Mass Unit
  54. 5.10: Calculating Average Atomic Mass
  55. 5.11: Ion
  56. 06: Electronic Structure and Chemical Periodicity
  57. 6.01: Periodic Law
  58. 6.02: Modern Periodic Table- Periods and Groups
  59. 6.03: Blocks of the Periodic Table
  60. 6.04: Energy Level
  61. 6.05: Orbitals
  62. 6.06: Electron Configurations
  63. 6.07: Noble Gas Configuration
  64. 6.08: Hund's Rule and Orbital Filling Diagrams
  65. 6.09: Aufbau Principle
  66. 6.10: Periodic Trends- Atomic Radius
  67. 6.11: Metals
  68. 6.12: Nonmetals
  69. 6.13: Metalloids
  70. 07: Chemical Bonds
  71. 7.01: Chemical Bond
  72. 7.02: Electron Dot Diagrams
  73. 7.03: Octet Rule
  74. 7.04: Cation Formation
  75. 7.05: Anion Formation
  76. 7.06: Ionic Bonding
  77. 7.07: Polyatomic Ions
  78. 7.08: Covalent Bond
  79. 7.09: Lewis Electron-Dot Structures
  80. 7.10: Single Covalent Bonds
  81. 7.11: Multiple Covalent Bonds
  82. 7.12: Valence Electrons
  83. 7.13: Coordinate Covalent Bond
  84. 7.14: Resonance
  85. 7.15: VSEPR Theory
  86. 7.16: Molecular Shapes- No Lone Pairs on Central Atoms
  87. 7.17: Molecular Shapes - Lone Pair(s) on Central Atom
  88. 7.18: Bond Polarity
  89. 7.19: Polar Molecules
  90. 08: Chemical Nomenclature
  91. 8.01: Molecular Formula
  92. 8.02: Empirical Formula
  93. 8.03: Cations
  94. 8.04: Anions
  95. 8.05: Transition Metal Ions
  96. 8.06: The Stock System of Nomenclature
  97. 8.07: Naming Binary Ionic Compounds
  98. 8.08: Formulas for Binary Ionic Compounds
  99. 8.09: Polyatomic Ions
  100. 8.10: Ternary Ionic Compounds- Naming and Formulas
  101. 8.11: Binary Molecular Compounds- Naming and Formulas
  102. 8.12: Acids - Naming and Formulas
  103. 8.13: Bases- Naming and Formulas
  104. 09: The Mole
  105. 9.01: Law of Definite Proportions
  106. 9.02: Avogadro's Number
  107. 9.03: Conversions Between Moles and Atoms
  108. 9.04: Molar Mass
  109. 9.05: Conversions Between Moles and Mass
  110. 9.06: Conversions Between Mass and Number of Particles
  111. 9.07: Avogadro's Hypothesis and Molar Volume
  112. 9.08: Conversions Between Moles and Gas Volume
  113. 9.09: Gas Density
  114. 9.10: Mole Road Map
  115. 9.11: Percent Composition
  116. 9.12: Percent of Water in a Hydrate
  117. 9.13: Determining Empirical Formulas
  118. 9.14: Determining Molecular Formulas
  119. 10: Chemical Calculations Involving Chemical Equations
  120. 10.01: Law of Conservation of Mass
  121. 10.02: Word Equations
  122. 10.03: Chemical Equations
  123. 10.04: Balancing Equations
  124. 10.05: Combination Reactions
  125. 10.06: Decomposition Reactions
  126. 10.07: Combustion Reactions
  127. 10.08: Single Replacement Reactions
  128. 10.09: Activity Series
  129. 10.10: Double Replacement Reactions
  130. 10.11: Everyday Stoichiometry
  131. 10.12: Mole Ratios
  132. 10.13: Mass-Mole Stoichiometry
  133. 10.14: Mass-Mass Stoichiometry
  134. 10.15: Volume-Volume Stoichiometry
  135. 10.16: Mass-Volume Stoichiometry
  136. 10.17: Limiting Reactant
  137. 10.18: Determining the Limiting Reactant
  138. 10.19: Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield
  139. 11: States of Matter
  140. 11.01: Physical Properties and Intermolecular Forces
  141. 11.02: Hydrogen Bonding
  142. 11.03: Kinetic Molecular Theory
  143. 11.04: Gas Pressure
  144. 11.05: Atmospheric Pressure
  145. 11.06: Pressure Units and Conversions
  146. 11.07: Average Kinetic Energy and Temperature
  147. 11.08: Physical Properties and Intermolecular Forces
  148. 11.09: Surface Tension
  149. 11.10: Evaporation
  150. 11.11: Vapor Pressure
  151. 11.12: Boiling
  152. 11.13: Vapor Pressure Curves
  153. 11.14: Melting
  154. 11.15: Sublimation
  155. 11.16: Heating and Cooling Curves
  156. 11.17: General Phase Diagram
  157. 11.18: Phase Diagram for Water
  158. 12: Gas Laws
  159. 13: Solutions
  160. 13.01: Solute-Solvent Combinations
  161. 13.02: Rate of Dissolution
  162. 13.03: Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions
  163. 13.04: How Temperature Influences Solubility
  164. 13.05: Supersaturated Solutions
  165. 13.06: Predicting Precipitates Using Solubility Rules
  166. 13.07: Percent Solutions
  167. 13.08: Molarity
  168. 13.09: Preparing Solutions
  169. 13.10: Dilution
  170. 13.11: Molality
  171. 13.12: Calculating Molar Mass
  172. 13.13: Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes
  173. 13.14: Strong and Weak Electrolytes
  174. 13.15: Molecular and Ionic Equations
  175. 13.16: Net Ionic Equations
  176. 14: Acids and Bases
  177. 14.01: Properties of Acids
  178. 14.02: Properties of Bases
  179. 14.03: Arrhenius Acids
  180. 14.04: Arrhenius Bases
  181. 14.05: Brnsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
  182. 14.06: Brnsted-Lowry Acid-Base Reactions
  183. 14.07: Ion-Product of Water
  184. 14.08: The pH Scale
  185. 14.09: Calculating pH of Acids and Bases
  186. 14.10: The pOH Concept
  187. 14.11: Strong and Weak Acids and Acid Ionization Constant (left( K texta right))
  188. 14.12: Strong and Weak Bases and Base Ionization Constant
  189. 14.13: Calculating Acid and Base Dissociation Constants
  190. 14.14: Calculating pH of Weak Acid and Base Solutions
  191. 14.15: Neutralization Reaction and Net Ionic Equations for Neutralization Reactions
  192. 14.16: Titration Experiment
  193. 14.17: Titration Calculations
  194. 14.18: Titration Curves
  195. 14.19: Indicators
  196. 14.20: Hydrolysis of Salts - Equations
  197. 14.21: Calculating pH of Salt Solutions