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A grammar of Pite Saami
Joshua Wilbur · Language Science Press · 2014
Pite Saami is a highly endangered Western Saami language in the Uralic language family currently spoken by a few individuals in Swedish Lapland. This grammar is the first extensive book-length treatment of a Saami language written in English. While focusing on the morphophonology of the main word classes nouns, adjectives and verbs, it also deals with other linguistic structures such as prosody, phonology, phrase types and clauses. Furthermore, it provides an introduction to the language and its speakers, and an outline of a preliminary Pite Saami orthography. An extensive annotated spoken-language corpus collected over the course of five years forms the empirical foundation for this description, and each example includes a specific reference to the corpus in order to facilitate verification of claims made on the data. Descriptions are presented for a general linguistics audience and without attempting to support a specific theoretical approach, but this book should be equally useful for scholars of Uralic linguistics, typologists, and even learners of Pite Saami.
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A grammar of Yauyos Quechua
Aviva Shimelman · Language Science Press · 2017
This book presents a synchronic grammar of the southern dialects of Yauyos, an extremely endangered Quechuan language spoken in the Peruvian Andes. As the language is highly synthetic, the grammar focuses principally on morphology; a longer section is dedicated to the language's unusual evidential system. The grammar's 1400 examples are drawn from a 24-hour corpus of transcribed recordings collected in the course of the documentation of the language.
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A grammar of Yakkha
Diana Schackow · Language Science Press · 2015
This grammar provides the first comprehensive grammatical description of Yakkha, a Sino-Tibetan language of the Kiranti branch. Yakkha is spoken by about 14,000 speakers in eastern Nepal, in the Sankhuwa Sabha and Dhankuta districts. The grammar is based on original fieldwork in the Yakkha community. Its primary source of data is a corpus of 13,000 clauses from narratives and naturally-occurring social interaction which the author recorded and transcribed between 2009 and 2012. Corpus analyses were complemented by targeted elicitation. The grammar is written in a functional-typological framework. It focusses on morphosyntactic and semantic issues, as these present highly complex and comparatively under-researched fields in Kiranti languages. The sequence of the chapters follows the well-established order of phonological, morphological, syntactic and discourse-structural descriptions. These are supplemented by a historical and sociolinguistic introduction as well as an analysis of the complex kinship terminology. Topics such as verbal person marking, argument structure, transitivity, complex predication, grammatical relations, clause linkage, nominalization, and the topography-based orientation system have received in-depth treatment. Wherever possible, the structures found were explained in a historical-comparative perspective in order to shed more light on how their particular properties have emerged.
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A grammar of Papuan Malay
Angela Kluge · Language Science Press · 2017
This book presents an in-depth linguistic description of Papuan Malay, a non-standard variety of Malay. The language is spoken in coastal West Papua which covers the western part of the island of New Guinea. The study is based on sixteen hours of recordings of spontaneous narratives and conversations between Papuan Malay speakers, recorded in the Sarmi area on the northeast coast of West Papua. Papuan Malay is the language of wider communication and the first or second language for an ever-increasing number of people of the area. While Papuan Malay is not officially recognized and therefore not used in formal government or educational settings or for religious preaching, it is used in all other domains, including unofficial use in formal settings, and, to some extent, in the public media. After a general introduction to the language, its setting, and history, this grammar discusses the following topics, building up from smaller grammatical constituents to larger ones: phonology, word formation, noun and prepositional phrases, verbal and nonverbal clauses, non-declarative clauses, and conjunctions and constituent combining. Of special interest to linguists, typologists, and Malay specialists are the following in-depth analyses and descriptions: affixation and its productivity across domains of language choice, reduplication and its gesamtbedeutung, personal pronouns and their adnominal uses, demonstratives and locatives and their extended uses, and adnominal possessive relations and their non- canonical uses. This study provides a starting point for Papuan Malay language development efforts and a point of comparison for further studies on other Malay varieties.
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A grammar of Palula
Henrik Liljegren · Language Science Press · 2016
This grammar provides a grammatical description of Palula, an Indo-Aryan language of the Shina group. The language is spoken by about 10,000 people in the Chitral district in Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. This is the first extensive description of the formerly little-documented Palula language, and is one of only a few in-depth studies available for languages in the extremely multilingual Hindukush-Karakoram region. The grammar is based on original fieldwork data, collected over the course of about ten years, commencing in 1998. It is primarily in the form of recorded, mainly narrative, texts, but supplemented by targeted elicitation as well as notes of observed language use. All fieldwork was conducted in close collaboration with the Palula-speaking community, and a number of native speakers took active part in the process of data gathering, annotation and data management. The main areas covered are phonology, morphology and syntax, illustrated with a large number of example items and utterances, but also a few selected lexical topics of some prominence have received a more detailed treatment as part of the morphosyntactic structure. Suggestions for further research that should be undertaken are given throughout the grammar. The approach is theory-informed rather than theory-driven, but an underlying functional-typological framework is assumed. Diachronic development is taken into account, particularly in the area of morphology, and comparisons with other languages and references to areal phenomena are included insofar as they are motivated and available. The description also provides a brief introduction to the speaker community and their immediate environment.
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Beginning Japanese for Professionals: Book 3
Emiko Konomi · Portland State University Library · 2018
This textbook is designed for beginning learners who want to learn basic Japanese for the purpose of living and working in Japan. Unlike textbooks written primarily for students, whose content largely centers on student life, this book focuses more on social and professional life beyond school. As a beginning level textbook, this book includes many elementary grammar patterns (Japanese Language Proficiency Test Levels 5 and 4), but the vocabulary and situations are selected specifically for working adults. Explanations are kept concise so as to only cover key points. The main focus is on oral communication and the accompanying audio is to be used extensively. This textbook can be used for self-study, as part of an online course, or as a traditional college course. Audio files are also available online
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A grammar of Mauwake
Liisa Berghäll · Language Science Press · 2015
This grammar provides a synchronic grammatical description of Mauwake, a Papuan Trans-New Guinea (TNG) language of about 2000 speakers on the north coast of the Madang Province in Papua New Guinea. It is the first book-length treatment of the Mauwake language and the only published grammar of the Kumil subgroup to date. Relying on other existing published and unpublished grammars, the author shows how the language is similar to, or different from, related TNG languages especially in the Madang province. The grammar gives a brief introduction to the Mauwake people, their environment and their culture. Although the book mainly covers morphology and syntax, it also includes ashort treatment of the phonological system and the orthography. The description of the grammatical units proceeds from the words/morphology to the phrases, clauses, sentence types and clause combinations. The chapter on functional domains is the only one where the organization is based on meaning/function rather than structure. The longest chapter in the book is on morphology, with verbs taking the central stage. The final chapter deals with the pragmatic functions theme, topic and focus. 13 texts by native speakers, mostly recorded and transcribed but some originally written, are included in the Appendix with morpheme-by-morpheme glosses and a free translation. The theoretical approach used is that of Basic Linguistic Theory. Language typologists and professional Papuanist linguists are naturally one target audience for the grammar. But also two other possible, and important, audiences influenced especially the style the writing: well educated Mauwake speakers interested in their language, and those other Papua New Guineans who have some basic training in linguistics and are keen to explore their own languages.
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A grammar of Rapa Nui
Paulus Kieviet · Language Science Press · 2017
This book is a comprehensive description of the grammar of Rapa Nui, the Polynesian language spoken on Easter Island. After an introductory chapter, the grammar deals with phonology, word classes, the noun phrase, possession, the verb phrase, verbal and nonverbal clauses, mood and negation, and clause combinations. The phonology of Rapa Nui reveals certain issues of typological interest, such as the existence of strict conditions on the phonological shape of words, word-final devoicing, and reduplication patterns motivated by metrical constraints. For Polynesian languages, the distinction between nouns and verbs in the lexicon has often been denied; in this grammar it is argued that this distinction is needed for Rapa Nui. Rapa Nui has sometimes been characterised as an ergative language; this grammar shows that it is unambiguously accusative. Subject and object marking depend on an interplay of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors. Other distinctive features of the language include the existence of a ‘neutral’ aspect marker, a serial verb construction, the emergence of copula verbs, a possessive-relative construction, and a tendency to maximise the use of the nominal domain. Rapa Nui’s relationship to the other Polynesian languages is a recurring theme in this grammar; the relationship to Tahitian (which has profoundly influenced Rapa Nui) especially deserves attention. The grammar is supplemented with a number of interlinear texts, two maps and a subject index.
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Sons & Lettres: A pronunciation method for intermediate-level French
Stephen Walton · Portland State University Library · 2018
Sons et lettres provides a set of classroom materials to train students to hear and produce the sounds of French and to recognize the regular spellings used to represent those sounds in print. The materials are inspired by a desire to help students feel more confident about their French pronunciation and more at home saying the many French words, familiar and unfamiliar, which they encounter in their studies, in French media and in their travels. In our experience, students are not given sufficient preparation to successfully decipher and pronounce French words. These materials are intended to fill that gap and to clear away the confusion that English speakers often feel when they see French words with seemingly mysterious combinations of letters.
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Basic Persian
Nahid Shiran; Rajiv Ranjan · Michigan State University · 2023
Basic Persian is an online, interactive, tech-enhanced, theme-based textbook for the true beginner of Persian language which promotes speaking, listening, reading, writing and cultural skills. Basic Persian promotes communicative, linguistic, and cultural competence. It has a mixture of pedagogical approaches to fit all types of learning and teaching philosophies/styles to achieve intermediate low to mid ACTFL proficiency level within a two-sequence semester.
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Intermediate Persian
Nahid Shiran · Michigan State University · 2026
This resource is an online, interactive theme-based textbook for intermediate students in the Persian language that promotes communicative, linguistic, and cultural competence. It has a mixture of pedagogical approaches to fit all types of learning and teaching philosophies and styles to achieve the Intermediate High ACTFL proficiency level within a two sequence semester.
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Intermediate Arabic I
Ayman Mohamed; Sadam Issa · Michigan State University · 2026
This is an open textbook on Intermediate Arabic for undergraduate students who are taking Arabic in their third semester. It addresses language structures in theme-based modules that cover the four language skills. The book can be used as a self-study resource or as the main textbook in intermediate Arabic classes.
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Basic Tibetan
Jampa Khedup; Sonam Tsering; Rajiv Ranjan; Erlin Barnard · Michigan State University · 2026
Basic Tibetan is a first-of-its-kind, multimedia interactive online textbook designed for learners of Tibetan in higher education. Learners are encouraged to listen, repeat, and internalize the sounds of Tibetan through audio recordings. To support vocabulary and sentence structure acquisition, the book offers a wide range of interactive exercises, making learning both effective and enjoyable.
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Basic Telugu
Asfar Mohammad; Rajiv Ranjan · Michigan State University · 2026
This book is a modest effort to make your learning process in Telugu a practically viable experience. Though it’s great fun to learn Telugu, learning script might take a while as it contains secondary symbols and double consonants. We tried our best to make this process a simpler one. As we follow the standard Telugu patterns in planning this book, the learners who get an opportunity to visit Andhra should be aware of various dialects, slangs and colloquial practices. You should be able to transfer your knowledge of the standard Telugu to the real–life contexts accordingly.
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Basic Punjabi
Rinku Kathuria; Rajiv Ranjan · Michigan State University · 2026
Basic Punjabi is an online interactive theme-based textbook for the true beginner of the Punjabi language. It promotes communicative, linguistic, and cultural competence. It has a mixture of pedagogical approaches to fit all types of learning and teaching philosophies/styles to achieve intermediate low to mid-ACTFL proficiency levels within a semester.
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Basic Bangla
Prasenjit Dey; Rajiv Ranjan · Michigan State University · 2026
This theme based, interactive, open-source online textbook is designed for beginning level learners of Bangla language. By using this book, a learner will learn Bangla vowel and consonant sounds and letters, basic grammar of the language, important vocabulary, useful expressions, and—most importantly—communicative skill.
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Advanced Indonesian
Agustini; Juliana Wijaya; Rajiv Ranjan · Michigan State University · 2026
In response to the lack of advanced Indonesian instructional materials, our lessons aim to elevate learners’ language skills to an advanced-mid to advanced-high level, aligning with ACTFL proficiency guidelines. The lessons in this textbook address the dearth of advanced Indonesian language resources by delving into current topics and events related to gender, lifestyle, human rights, environment, economy, and language preservation. We utilize authentic materials sourced from online newspapers, editorials, blogs, vlogs, journals, and YouTube, ensuring that learners engage with real-world language contexts.
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Ahora Entendemos
Denise Hatcher · LibreTexts · 2026
Ahora Entendemos is an intermediate level Spanish textbook that consists of ten chapters. Each chapter begins with a useful vocabulary list and a series of exercises to practice the words and idiomatic expressions. Then, three grammar points are explained with ample practice exercises after each explanation. Each chapter concludes with sections entitled Para Expresarte, Música, Cultura, and Otro Paso to provide extra opportunities and activities to expand learning. Chapter ten includes useful and cumulative explanations and activities that review and practice the indicative, the imperative, and the subjunctive as well as thirteen different verb tenses included in this publication. Ahora Entendemos was written for individuals with some background in Spanish who want to develop intermediate language skills. Instructors, learners, and individuals can use it alone, in a classroom, or with others outside of a formal educational setting. The author of Ahora Entendemos teaches college, but the text could be used in high school or other programs as well.
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Semillas: Elementary Spanish II
Rachel Klevar; Gabriela Olivares; Giovanni Zimotti · University of Iowa · 2026
Semillas: Elementary Spanish II is an intermediate Spanish open-access textbook with reading, listening, speaking, and writing practice. It is a follow-up to Semillas: Elementary Spanish I, with beginning chapters modeling the last two lessons from the previous textbook. The textbook provides instructors and students with lessons, vocabulary lists, videos, PDFs, projects, and exercises.
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Kreyòl Pale: A Haitian Creole Textbook for Beginners
David Tézil; Benjamin Hebblethwaite · University of Florida · 2025
Kreyòl pale (Creole is Spoken) is a 29-chapter textbook designed for beginner learners of the Haitian Creole language. The textbook employs a communicative pedagogical methodology emphasizing the learner’s acquisition of speaking, reading, writing, and listening skills through meaningful content. The textbook focuses on communication scenarios that are the most important for navigating daily life in Haiti and its Diaspora. Kreyòl pale is built on contemporary teaching methodologies that place Haitian Creole communicativeness at the center of the learner’s experience. Kreyòl pale is an essential beginners’ Haitian Creole textbook due to the meaningfulness, practicality, and relatability of its Haitian Creole materials. As an introduction to Haitian Creole language and culture, this textbook opens the way to the many paths to mastery. (en)