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CHEM 2000: General Chemistry for Engineers - F21

Chemistry

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Nguồn: LibreTexts
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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01: Matter Measurement and Problem Solving
1.01: Atoms and Molecules
1.02: The Scientific Approach to Knowledge
1.03: The Classification of Matter
1.04: Physical and Chemical Changes and Properties
1.05: Energy - A Fundamental Part of Physical and Chemical Change
1.06: The Units of Measurement
1.07: The Reliability of a Measurement
1.08: Solving Chemical Problems
1.E: Matter Measurement and Problem Solving (Exercises)
02: Atoms and Elements
2.01: Early Ideas about the Building Blocks of Matter
2.02: Modern Atomic Theory and the Laws That Led to It
2.03: The Discovery of the Electron
2.04: The Structure of The Atom
2.05: Protons Neutrons and Electrons in Atoms
2.06: Finding Patterns - The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table
2.07: The Average Mass of an Elements Atoms
2.08: Molar Mass - Counting Atoms by Weighing Them
2.E: Atoms and Elements (Exercises)
03: Molecules Compounds and Chemical Equations
3.01: Hydrogen Oxygen and Water
3.02: Chemical Bonds
3.03: Representing Compounds- Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models
3.04: An Atomic-Level Perspective of Elements and Compounds
3.05: Ionic Compounds- Formulas and Names
3.06: Molecular Compounds- Formulas and Names
3.07: Summary of Inorganic Nomenclature
3.08: Composition of Compounds
3.09: Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data
3.10: Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
3.11: Organic Compounds
3.E: Molecules Compounds and Chemical Equations (Exercises)
04: Chemical Reactions and Aqueous Reactions
4.01: Global Warming and the Combustion of Fossil Fuels
4.02: How Much Carbon Dioxide
4.03: Limiting Reactant Theoretical Yield and Percent Yield
4.04: Solution Concentration and Solution Stoichiomentry
4.05: Types of Aqueous Solutions and Solubility
4.06: Precipitation Reactions
4.07: Representing Aqueous Reactions- Molecular Ionic and Complete Ionic Equations
4.08: Acid-Base and Gas-Evolution Reactions
4.09: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
4.10: Acids- Properties and Examples
4.11: Bases- Properties and Examples
4.12: Molecular Definitions of Acids and Bases
4.13: Reactions of Acids and Bases
4.14: Strong and Weak Acids and Bases
4.15: Water - Acid and Base in One
4.16: The pH and pOH Scales - Ways to Express Acidity and Basicity
4.17: AcidBase Titration
05: Gases
5.01: Water from Wells- Atmospheric Pressure at Work
5.02: Pressure- The Result of Particle Collisions
5.03: The Simple Gas Laws- Boyles Law Charless Law and Avogadros Law
5.04: The Ideal Gas Law
5.05: Applications of the Ideal Gas Law- Molar Volume Density and Molar Mass of a Gas
5.06: Mixtures of Gases and Partial Pressures
5.07: Gases in Chemical Reactions- Stoichiometry Revisited
5.08: Kinetic Molecular Theory- A Model for Gases
5.09: Mean Free Path Diffusion and Effusion of Gases
5.10: Real Gases- The Effects of Size and Intermolecular Forces
5.E: Gases (Exercises)
06: Thermochemistry
6.01: Light the Furnace- The Nature of Energy and Its Transformations
6.02: The Nature and Types of Energy
6.03: Quantifying Heat and Work
6.04: The First Law of Thermodynamics
6.05: Constant Volume Calorimetry- Measuring U for Chemical Reactions
6.06: Enthalpy- The Heat Evolved in a Chemical Reaction at Constant Pressure
6.07: Constant Pressure Calorimetry- Measuring H for Chemical Reactions
6.08: Relationships Involving Enthalpy of Reactions
6.09: Enthalpies of Reaction from Standard Heats of Formation
6.10: Energy Use and The Environment
07: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom
7.01: Schrodinger's Cat
7.02: The Nature of Light
7.03: Atomic Spectroscopy and The Bohr Model
7.04: The Wavelength Nature of Matter
7.05: Quantum Mechanics and The Atom
7.06: The Shape of Atomic Orbitals
7.E: The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom (Exercises)
08: Periodic Properties of the Elements
8.01: Nerve Signal Transmission
8.02: The Development of the Periodic Table
8.03: Electron Configurations- How Electrons Occupy Orbitals
8.04: Electron Configurations Valence Electrons and the Periodic Table
8.05: The Explanatory Power of the Quantum-Mechanical Model
8.06: Periodic Trends in the Size of Atoms and Effective Nuclear Charge
8.07: Ions- Configurations Magnetic Properties Radii and Ionization Energy
8.08: Electron Affinities and Metallic Character
8.09: Examples of Periodic Chemical Behavior
8.E: Periodic Properties of the Elements (Exercises)
09: Chemical Bonding I- Lewis Structures and Determining Molecular Shapes
9.01: Bonding Models and AIDS Drugs
9.02: Types of Chemical Bonds
9.03: Representing Valance Electrons with Dots
9.04: Ionic Bonding
9.05: Covalent Bonding- Lewis Structure
9.06: Electronegativity and Bond Polarity
9.07: Lewis Structures
9.08: Resonance and Formal Charge
9.09: Exceptions to the Octet Rule
9.10: Bond Energies and Bond Lengths
9.11: Bonding in Metals
9.E: Chemical Bonding I (Exercises)
10: Chemical Bonding II- Valance Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory
10.01: Artificial Sweeteners
10.02: VSEPR Theory - The Five Basic Shapes
10.03: VSPER Theory- The Effect of Lone Pairs
10.04: VSPER Theory - Predicting Molecular Geometries
10.05: Molecular Shape and Polarity
10.06: Valence Bond Theory- Orbital Overlap as a Chemical Bond
10.07: Valence Bond Theory- Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals
10.08: Molecular Orbital Theory- Electron Delocalization
11: Liquids Solids and Intermolecular Forces
11.01: Water in Zero Gravity
11.02: Solids Liquids and Gases- A Molecular Comparison
11.03: Intermolecular Forces- The Forces that Hold Condensed Phases Together
11.04: Intermolecular Forces in Action- Surface Tension Viscosity and Capillary Action
11.05: Vaporization and Vapor Pressure
11.06: Sublimation and Fusion
11.07: Heating Curve for Water
11.08: Phase Diagrams
11.09: Water - An Extraordinary Substance
12: Solutions
12.01: Thirsty Solutions- Why You Should Not Drink Seawater
12.02: Types of Solutions and Solubility
12.03: Energetics of Solution Formation
12.04: Solution Equilibrium and Factors Affecting Solubility
12.05: Expressing Solution Concentration
12.06: Colligative Properties- Freezing Point Depression Boiling Point Elevation and Osmosis
12.07: The Colligative Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions
12.08: Colloids
12.E: Solutions (Exercises)
13: Chemical Kinetics
13.01: Catching Lizards
13.02: Rate of a Chemical Reaction
13.03: The Rate Law- The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate
13.04: The Integrated Rate Law- The Dependence of Concentration on Time
13.05: The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
13.06: Reaction Mechanisms
13.07: Catalysis
14: Chemical Equilibrium
14.01: The Concept of Dynamic Equilibrium
14.02: The Equilibrium Constant (K)
14.03: Expressing the Equilibrium Constant in Terms of Pressure
14.04: Calculating the Equilibrium Constant From Measured Equilibrium Concentrations
14.05: Heterogenous Equilibria - Reactions Involving Solids and Liquids
14.06: The Reaction Quotient- Predicting the Direction of Change
14.07: Finding Equilibrium Concentrations
14.08: Le Chateliers Principle- How a System at Equilibrium Responds to Disturbances
15: Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics
15.01: Natures Heat Tax- You Cant Win and You Cant Break Even
15.02: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes
15.03: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
15.04: Entropy Changes Associated with State Changes
15.05: Heat Transfer and Changes in the Entropy of the Surroundings
15.06: Gibbs Energy
15.07: Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions
15.08: Gibbs Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
15.09: Gibbs Energy Changers for Non-Standard States
15.10: Gibbs Energy and Equilibrium
16: Electrochemistry
16.01: Pulling the Plug on the Power Grid
16.02: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations
16.03: Voltaic (or Galvanic) Cells- Generating Electricity from Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
16.04: Standard Reduction Potentials
16.05: Cell Potential Gibbs Energy and the Equilibrium Constant
16.06: Cell Potential and Concentration
16.07: Batteries- Using Chemistry to Generate Electricity
16.08: Electrolysis- Driving Non-spontaneous Chemical Reactions with Electricity
16.09: Corrosion- Undesirable Redox Reactions
17: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
17.01: Diagnosing Appendicitis
17.02: The Discovery of Radioactivity
17.03: Types of Radioactivity
17.04: The Valley of Stability- Predicting the Type of Radioactivity
17.05: Detecting Radioactivity
17.06: The Kinetics of Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
17.07: The Discovery of Fission- The Atomic Bomb and Nuclear Power
17.08: Converting Mass to Energy- Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
17.09: Nuclear Fusion - The Power of the Sun
17.10: Nuclear Transmutation and Transuranium Elements
17.11: The Effects of Radiation on Life
17.12: Radioactivity in Medicine and Other Applications