Nguồn ngoài

Chem 1B: General Chemistry II

This course is designed for students who need a rigorous treatment of general chemistry at the freshman-level college or university. This course will focus on topics including but not limited to continuation of equilibrium, kinetics, electrochemistry, thermodynamics, inorganic chemistry, intermolecular forces and coordination chemistry.

Chemistry

Tác giả: Julie Brown
Nhà xuất bản: Woodland Community College
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY-NC-SA
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

Đọc trực tuyến Tải PDF (nguồn mở)

Mục lục· 143 mục

01: Liquids Solids and Intermolecular Forces
1.01: Water in Zero Gravity
1.02: Solids Liquids and Gases- A Molecular Comparison
1.03: Intermolecular Forces- The Forces that Hold Condensed Phases Together
1.04: Intermolecular Forces in Action- Surface Tension Viscosity and Capillary Action
1.05: Vaporization and Vapor Pressure
1.06: Sublimation and Fusion
1.07: Heating Curve for Water
1.08: Phase Diagrams
1.09: Water - An Extraordinary Substance
02: Solids and Modern Materials
2.01: Discovery of Graphene
2.02: X-Ray Crystallography
2.03: Unit Cells and Basic Structures
2.04: The Fundamental Types of Crystalline Solids
2.05: The Structure of Ionic Solids
2.06: Network Covalent Atomic Solids- Carbon and Silicates
2.07: Ceramics Cement and Glass
2.08: Crystalline Solids- Band Theory
2.09: Polymers and Plastics
03: Solutions
3.01: Thirsty Solutions- Why You Should Not Drink Seawater
3.02: Types of Solutions and Solubility
3.03: Energetics of Solution Formation
3.04: Solution Equilibrium and Factors Affecting Solubility
3.05: Expressing Solution Concentration
3.06: Colligative Properties- Freezing Point Depression Boiling Point Elevation and Osmosis
3.07: The Colligative Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions
3.08: Colloids
3.E: Solutions (Exercises)
04: Chemical Kinetics
4.01: Catching Lizards
4.02: Rate of a Chemical Reaction
4.03: The Rate Law- The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate
4.04: The Integrated Rate Law- The Dependence of Concentration on Time
4.05: The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
4.06: Reaction Mechanisms
4.07: Catalysis
05: Acids and Bases
5.01: Heartburn
5.02: The Nature of Acids and Bases
5.03: Definitions of Acids and Bases
5.04: Acid Strength and the Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka)
5.05: Autoionization of Water and pH
5.06: Finding the H3O and pH of Strong and Weak Acid Solutions
5.07: Base Solutions
5.08: The Acid-Base Properties of Ions and Salts
5.09: Polyprotic Acids
5.10: Acid Strength and Molecular Structure
5.11: Lewis Acids and Bases
5.12: Acid rain
06: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
6.01: The Danger of Antifreeze
6.02: Buffers- Solutions That Resist pH Change
6.03: Buffer Effectiveness- Buffer Capacity and Buffer Range
6.04: Titrations and pH Curves
6.05: Solubility Equilibria and the Solubility Product Constant
6.06: Precipitation
6.07: Qualitative Chemical Analysis
6.08: Complex Ion Equilibria
6.E: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium (Exercises)
07: Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics
7.01: Natures Heat Tax- You Cant Win and You Cant Break Even
7.02: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes
7.03: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
7.04: Entropy Changes Associated with State Changes
7.05: Heat Transfer and Changes in the Entropy of the Surroundings
7.06: Gibbs Energy
7.07: Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions
7.08: Gibbs Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
7.09: Gibbs Energy Changers for Non-Standard States
7.10: Gibbs Energy and Equilibrium
08: Electrochemistry
8.01: Pulling the Plug on the Power Grid
8.02: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations
8.03: Voltaic (or Galvanic) Cells- Generating Electricity from Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
8.04: Standard Reduction Potentials
8.05: Cell Potential Gibbs Energy and the Equilibrium Constant
8.06: Cell Potential and Concentration
8.07: Batteries- Using Chemistry to Generate Electricity
8.08: Electrolysis- Driving Non-spontaneous Chemical Reactions with Electricity
8.09: Corrosion- Undesirable Redox Reactions
09: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
9.01: Diagnosing Appendicitis
9.02: The Discovery of Radioactivity
9.03: Types of Radioactivity
9.04: The Valley of Stability- Predicting the Type of Radioactivity
9.05: Detecting Radioactivity
9.06: The Kinetics of Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
9.07: The Discovery of Fission- The Atomic Bomb and Nuclear Power
9.08: Converting Mass to Energy- Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
9.09: Nuclear Fusion- The Power of the Sun
9.10: Nuclear Transmutation and Transuranium Elements
9.11: The Effects of Radiation on Life
9.12: Radioactivity in Medicine and Other Applications
10: Organic Chemistry
10.01: Fragrances and Odor
10.02: Carbon- Why It Is Unique
10.03: Hydrocarbons- Compounds Containing Only Carbon and Hydrocarbon
10.04: Alkanes- Saturated Hydrocarbons
10.05: Alkenes and Alkynes
10.06: Hydrocarbon Reactions
10.07: Aromatic Hydrocarbons
10.08: Functional Groups
10.09: Alcohols
10.10: Aldehydes and Ketones
10.11: Carboxylic Acids and Esters
10.12: Ethers
10.13: Amines
11: Biochemistry
11.01: Diabetes and the Synthesis of Human Insulin
11.02: Lipids
11.03: Carbohydrates
11.04: Proteins and Amino Acids
11.05: Protein Structure
11.06: Nucleic Acids- Blueprints for Proteins
11.07: DNA Replication the Double Helix and Protein Synthesis
12: Chemistry of the Nonmetals
12.01: Insulated Nanowires
12.02: The Main-Group Elements- Bonding and Properties
12.03: The Most Common Matter- Silicates
12.04: Boron and Its Amazing Structures
12.05: Carbon Carbides and Carbonates
12.06: Nitrogen and Phosphorus- Essential Elements for Life
12.07: Oxygen
12.08: Sulfur- A Dangerous and Useful Element
12.09: Halogens- Reactive Chemicals with High Electronegativity
12.E: Chemistry of the Nonmetals (Exercises)
13: Metals and Metallurgy
13.01: Vanadium- A Problem and an Opportunity
13.02: The General Properties and Natural Distribution of Metals
13.03: Metallurgical Processes
13.04: Metal Structures and Alloys
13.05: Sources Properties and Products of Some of the 3d Transition Metals
14: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds
14.01: The Colors of Rubies and Emeralds
14.02: Properties of Transition Metals
14.03: Coordination Compounds
14.04: Structure and Isomerization
14.05: Bonding in Coordinate Compounds
14.06: Applications of Coordination Compounds
14.E: Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds (Exercises)
15: Chapters