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CHM 115: Fundamentals of Chemistry

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CHM 115: Fundamentals of Chemistry

This textbook is for introductory chemistry with the intent to infuse relevant context into the chemistry including climate change, greenhouse gases, clean water, nuclear power, UV-radiation effects, and technology.

Chemistry
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Mục lục· 74 mục
  1. 01: The Process of Science
  2. 1.01: Welcome
  3. 1.02: The Scope of Chemistry
  4. 1.03: Chemicals Compose Ordinary Things
  5. 1.04: What is an Argument
  6. 1.05: The Process of Science
  7. 1.06: Hypothesis Theories and Laws
  8. 1.07: Classifying Matter According to Its Composition
  9. 1.08: Energy
  10. 1.09: Looking for Patterns- The Periodic Table
  11. 1.10: The Basic Units of Measurement
  12. 1.11: Significant Figures - Writing Numbers to Reflect Precision
  13. 1.12: Significant Figures in Calculations
  14. 1.13: Problem Solving and Unit Conversions
  15. 1.14: The Nuclear Atom
  16. 1.15: The Properties of Protons Neutrons and Electrons
  17. 1.16: Elements- Defined by Their Number of Protons
  18. 1.17: Ions
  19. 1.18: Isotopes - When the Number of Neutrons Varies
  20. 1.19: Atomic Mass- The Average Mass of an Elements Atoms
  21. 02: Radiation- Pros and Cons
  22. 2.01: What is Radiation
  23. 2.02: The Discovery of Radioactivity
  24. 2.03: Nuclear Equations
  25. 2.04: Biological Effects of Radiation
  26. 2.05: Natural Radioactivity and Half-Life
  27. 2.06: Fission and Fusion
  28. 2.07: Radioactivity in Medicine and Other Applications
  29. 2.08: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
  30. 2.09: The Bohr Model - Atoms with Orbits
  31. 2.10: The Quantum-Mechanical Model- Atoms with Orbitals
  32. 2.11: Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
  33. 2.12: Arrangements of Electrons
  34. 2.13: Periodic Trends
  35. 03: Energy Production
  36. 3.01: Energy Production
  37. 3.02: Representing Valence Electrons with Dots
  38. 3.03: Covalent Bonds
  39. 3.04: Drawing Lewis Structures for Covalent Compounds
  40. 3.05: Introduction to Organic Molecules
  41. 3.06: Resonance - Equivalent Lewis Structures for the Same Molecule
  42. 3.07: Air Pollutants
  43. 3.08: Naming Molecular Compounds
  44. 3.09: Chemical Equations
  45. 3.10: How to Write Balanced Chemical Equations
  46. 3.11: The Mole
  47. 3.12: Stoichiometry
  48. 3.13: Mole-to-Mole Conversions
  49. 3.14: Making Molecules- Mole to Mass (or vice versa) and Mass-to-Mass Conversions
  50. 3.15: Exothermic and Endothermic Processes
  51. 3.16: Enthalpy
  52. 3.17: Temperature and Heat
  53. 3.18: Calorimetry
  54. 3.19: Climate Change - Too Much Carbon Dioxide
  55. 04: Water
  56. 4.01: The Uniqueness of Water
  57. 4.02: Predicting the Shapes of Molecules
  58. 4.03: Polarity of Bonds and Molecules
  59. 4.04: What makes molecules stick together -- Intermolecular Forces
  60. 4.05: Electron Transfer - Ionic Bonds
  61. 4.06: Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds
  62. 4.07: Naming Ionic Compounds
  63. 4.08: Defining terms associated with solutions
  64. 4.09: What is a solution
  65. 4.10: Aqueous Solutions and Solubility - Compounds Dissolved in Water
  66. 4.11: Quantitative Units of Concentration
  67. 4.12: Concentrations as Conversion Factors
  68. 4.13: Dilutions and Concentrations
  69. 4.14: Types of Chemical Reactions - Single and Double Replacement Reactions
  70. 4.15: Precipitation Reactions
  71. 4.16: Arrhenius Acids and Bases
  72. 4.17: Reactions of Acids and Bases
  73. 4.18: The pH Scale
  74. 4.E: Solutions (Exercises)