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Chemical Principles

Nguồn ngoài

Chemical Principles

Study of the essential principles of chemistry including atomic and molecular science, states of matter, thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, and reaction kinetics, which constitutes the foundation of modern chemistry.

Chemistry
Tác giả
Ta-Wei Li
Nhà xuất bản
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Nguồn
LibreTexts
Giấy phép
CC BY-SA
Ngôn ngữ
EN
Danh mục
Khoa học cơ bản
Đọc trực tuyến Tải PDF (nguồn mở)
Mục lục· 93 mục
  1. 01: Electronic Structure of Atoms
  2. 1.01: The Wave Nature of Light
  3. 1.02: Quantized Energy and Photons
  4. 1.03: Line Spectra and the Bohr Model
  5. 1.04: The Wave Behavior of Matter
  6. 1.05: Quantum Mechanics and Wavefunctions
  7. 1.06: The Schrodinger Wave Equation for the Hydrogen Atom
  8. 1.07: Many-Electron Atoms - Penetration and Shielding
  9. 1.08: Electron Configurations
  10. 1.09: Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
  11. 1.E: Electronic Structure of Atoms (Exercises)
  12. 1.S: Electronic Structure of Atoms (Summary)
  13. 02: Periodic Properties of the Elements
  14. 2.01: Development of the Periodic Table
  15. 2.02: Shielding and Effective Nuclear Charge
  16. 2.03: Sizes of Atoms and Ions
  17. 2.04: Ionization Energy
  18. 2.05: Electron Affinities
  19. 2.E: Periodic Properties of the Elements (Exercises)
  20. 2.S: Periodic Properties of the Elements (Summary)
  21. 03: Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
  22. 3.01: Chemical Bonds Lewis Symbols and the Octet Rule
  23. 3.02: Ionic Bonding
  24. 3.03: Covalent Bonding
  25. 3.04: Bond Polarity and Electronegativity
  26. 3.05: Drawing Lewis Structures
  27. 3.06: Resonance Structures
  28. 3.07: Exceptions to the Octet Rule
  29. 3.08: Strength of Covalent Bonds
  30. 3.E: Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding (Exercises)
  31. 3.S: Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding (Summary)
  32. 04: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
  33. 4.01: Molecular Shapes
  34. 4.02: The VSEPR Model
  35. 4.03: Molecular Shape and Molecular Polarity
  36. 4.04: Covalent Bonding and Orbital Overlap
  37. 4.05: Hybrid Orbitals
  38. 4.06: Multiple Bonds
  39. 4.07: Molecular Orbitals
  40. 4.08: Second-Row Diatomic Molecules
  41. 4.E: Exercises
  42. 4.S: Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories (Summary)
  43. 05: Gases
  44. 5.01: Characteristics of Gases
  45. 5.02: Pressure
  46. 5.03: The Gas Laws
  47. 5.04: The Ideal Gas Equation
  48. 5.05: Further Applications of the Ideal-Gas Equations
  49. 5.06: Gas Mixtures and Partial Pressures
  50. 5.07: Kinetic-Molecular Theory
  51. 5.08: Molecular Effusion and Diffusion
  52. 5.09: Real Gases - Deviations from Ideal Behavior
  53. 5.E: Exercises
  54. 5.S: Gases (Summary)
  55. 06: Fundamentals of Thermochemistry (Heat and Enthalpy)
  56. 6.01: Systems States and Processes
  57. 6.02: Heat as a Mechanism to Transfer Energy
  58. 6.03: Work as a Mechanism to Transfer Energy
  59. 6.04: The First Law of Thermodynamics
  60. 6.05: Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
  61. 6.06: Molecules as Energy Carriers and Converters
  62. 6.07: Heats of Reactions - U and H
  63. 6.08: Indirect Determination of H - Hess's Law
  64. 6.09: Standard Enthalpies of Formation
  65. 6.E: Fundamentals of Thermochemistry (Exercises)
  66. 07: Principles of Thermodynamics (Entropy and Gibbs Energy)
  67. 7.01: The Nature of Spontaneous Processes
  68. 7.02: Entropy and Spontaneity - A Molecular Statistical Interpretation
  69. 7.03: Entropy and Heat - Experimental Basis of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
  70. 7.04: Entropy Changes and Spontaneity
  71. 7.05: Entropy Changes in Reversible Processes
  72. 7.06: Quantum States Microstates and Energy Spreading
  73. 7.07: The Third Law of Thermodynamics
  74. 7.08: Gibbs Energy
  75. 7.E: Principles of Thermodynamics (Exercises)
  76. 08: Chemical Equilibrium
  77. 8.01: The Nature of Chemical Equilibrium
  78. 8.02: The Empirical Law of Mass Action
  79. 8.03: Thermodynamic Description of the Equilibrium State
  80. 8.04: The Law of Mass Action for Related and Simultaneous Equilibria
  81. 8.05: Gas-Phase and Heterogeneous Reaction Equilibria
  82. 8.06: The Direction of Change in Chemical Reactions- Empirical Description
  83. 8.07: The Direction of Change in Chemical Reactions - Thermodynamic Explanation
  84. 8.08: Distribution between Immiscible Phases - Extraction and Separation Processes
  85. 8.E: Chemical Equilibrium (Exercises)
  86. 09: Electrochemistry
  87. 9.01: Electrochemical Cells
  88. 9.02: The Gibbs Free Energy and Cell Voltage
  89. 9.03: Concentration Effects and the Nernst Equation
  90. 9.04: Batteries and Fuel Cells
  91. 9.05: Corrosion and Its Prevention
  92. 9.06: A Deeper Look- Electrolysis of Water and Aqueous Solutions
  93. 9.E: Electrochemistry (Exercises)