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CHM 331 Advanced Analytical Chemistry 1

This LibreText is for the 1st course in analytical chemistry at Providence offered each fall to our Jr. chem & biochem majors. The subjects covered in the course include, measurements and statistics, simple optical spectroscopy in the UV and visible, separations, and mass spectrometry. I added Raman Spectroscopy in the summer of 2022. Chapters 1 - 5 are largely from Harvey's Modern Analytical Chemistry, Chapters 6 - 14 and 18 mimic Skoog's Instrumental Analysis, & Chapter 15 is a collection

Chemistry

Tác giả: John Breen
Nhà xuất bản: Providence College
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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Mục lục· 152 mục

01: Introduction to Analytical Chemistry
1.01: What is Analytical Chemistry
1.02: The Analytical Perspective
1.03: Common Analytical Problems
1.04: Problems
1.05: Additional Resources
1.06: Chapter Summary and Key Terms
02: Basic Tools of Analytical Chemistry
2.01: Measurements in Analytical Chemistry
2.02: Concentration
2.03: Stoichiometric Calculations
2.04: Basic Equipment
2.05: Preparing Solutions
2.06: Spreadsheets and Computational Software
2.07: The Laboratory Notebook
2.08: Problems
2.09: Additional Resources
2.10: Chapter Summary and Key Terms
03: Evaluating Analytical Data
3.01: Characterizing Measurements and Results
3.02: Characterizing Experimental Errors
3.03: Propagation of Uncertainty
3.04: The Distribution of Measurements and Results
3.05: Statistical Analysis of Data
3.06: Statistical Methods for Normal Distributions
3.07: Detection Limits
3.08: Using Excel and R to Analyze Data
3.09: Problems
3.10: Additional Resources
3.11: Chapter Summary and Key Terms
04: The Vocabulary of Analytical Chemistry
4.01: Analysis Determination and Measurement
4.02: Techniques Methods Procedures and Protocols
4.03: Classifying Analytical Techniques
4.04: Selecting an Analytical Method
4.05: Developing the Procedure
4.06: Protocols
4.07: The Importance of Analytical Methodology
4.08: Problems
4.09: Additional Resources
4.10: Chapter Summary and Key Terms
05: Standardizing Analytical Methods
5.01: Analytical Signals
5.02: Calibrating the Signal
5.03: Determining the Sensitivity
5.04: Linear Regression and Calibration Curves
5.05: Compensating for the Reagent Blank
5.06: Using Excel for a Linear Regression
5.07: Problems
5.08: Additional Resources
5.09: Chapter Summary and Key Terms
06: General Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation
6.01: Overview of Spectroscopy
6.02: The Nature of Light
6.2.01: The Propagation of Light
6.2.02: The Law of Reflection
6.2.03: Refraction
6.2.04: Dispersion
6.2.05: Superposition and Interference
6.2.06: Diffraction
6.2.07: Polarization
6.03: Light as a Particle
6.04: The Nature of Light (Exercises)
6.4.01: The Nature of Light (Answers)
07: Components of Optical Instruments for Molecular Spectroscopy in the UV and Visible
7.01: General Instrument Designs
7.02: Sources of Radiation
7.03: Wavelength Selectors
7.04: Sample Containers
7.05: Radiation Transducers
7.06: Signal Processors and Readouts
08: An Introduction to Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption Spectrometry
8.01: Measurement of Transmittance and Absorbance
8.02: Beer's Law
8.03: The Effects of Instumental Noise on Spectrophotometric Analyses
8.04: Instrumentation
8.4.01: Single Beam Instruments for Absorption Spectroscopy - The Spec 20 and the Cary 50
8.4.02: Instruments for Absorption Spectroscopy with Multichannel Detectors
8.4.03: Double Beam Instruments for Absorption Spectroscopy
8.4.04: UV - Vis (and Near IR) Instruments with Double Dispersion
09: Applications of Ultraviolet-Visable Molecular Absorption Spectrometry
9.01: The Magnitude of Molar Absorptivities
9.02: Absorbing Species
9.2.01: Electronic Spectra - Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy - Organics
9.2.02: Electronic Spectra - Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy - Transition Metal Compounds and Complexes
9.2.03: Electronic Spectra - Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy - Metal to Ligand and Ligand to Metal Charge Transfer Bands
9.2.04: Electronic Spectra - Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy - Lanthanides and Actinides
9.03: Qualitative Applications of Ultraviolet Visible Absorption Spectroscopy
9.04: Quantitative Analysis by Absorption Measurements
9.05: Photometric and Spectrophotometric Titrations
9.06: Spectrophotometric Kinetic Methods
9.6.01: Kinetic Techniques versus Equilibrium Techniques
9.6.02: Chemical Kinetics
9.07: Spectrophotometric Studies of Complex Ions
10: Molecular Luminescence Spectrometry
10.01: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
10.02: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Instrumentation
10.03: Applications of Photoluminescence Methods
10.3.01: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Fluorophores
10.3.02: The Stokes Shift
10.3.03: The Detection Advantage
10.3.04: The Fluorescence Lifetime and Quenching
10.3.05: Fluorescence Polarazation Analysis
10.3.06: Fluorescence Microscopy
11: Raman Spectroscopy
11.01: Raman- Application
11.02: Introduction to Lasers
11.2.01: History
11.2.02: Basic Principles
11.2.2.01: Laser Radiation Properties
11.2.2.02: Laser Operation and Components
11.2.03: Types of Lasers
11.2.3.01: Gas Lasers
11.2.3.02: Solid State Lasers
11.2.3.03: Diode Lasers
11.2.3.04: Dye Lasers
11.2.04: References
11.03: Resonant vs. Nonresonant Raman Spectroscopy
11.04: Raman Spectroscopy - Review with a few questions
11.05: Problems Questions
12: An Introduction to Chromatographic Separations
12.01: Overview of Analytical Separations
12.02: General Theory of Column Chromatography
12.03: Optimizing Chromatographic Separations
12.04: Problems
13: Gas Chromatography
13.01: Gas Chromatography
13.02: Advances in GC
13.03: Problems
14: Liquid Chromatography
14.01: Scope of Liquid Chromatography
14.02: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
14.03: Chiral Chromatography
14.04: Ion Chromatography
14.05: Size-Exclusion Chromatography
14.06: Thin-Layer Chromatography
14.07: Problems
15: Capillary Electrophoresis and Electrochromatography
15.01: Electrophoresis
15.02: Problems
16: Molecular Mass Spectrometry
16.01: Mass Spectrometry - The Basic Concepts
16.02: Ionizers
16.03: Mass Analyzers (Mass Spectrometry)
16.04: Ion Detectors
16.05: High Resolution vs Low Resolution
16.06: The Molecular Ion (M) Peak
16.07: Molecular Ion and Nitrogen
16.08: The M1 Peak
16.09: Organic Compounds Containing Halogen Atoms
16.10: Fragmentation Patterns in Mass Spectra
16.11: Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry