Nguồn ngoài

Phys 111: Physics, Symmetry, and Conservation

This text is an introductory calculus-based course focusing on classical mechanics, emphasizing the fundamental link between symmetries and conservation laws (Noether's Theorem). It covers conservation of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum, alongside forces, kinematics, and rotational motion.

Physics

Tác giả: Mitch Powers
Nhà xuất bản: Gettysburg College
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY-SA
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

Đọc trực tuyến Tải PDF (nguồn mở)

Mục lục· 200 mục

01: Conservation and Symmetry
1.01: Abstraction and Modeling
1.1.01: About this Text
1.1.02: Modeling in Physics
1.1.03: Units and Standards
1.1.04: Unit Conversion
1.1.05: Dimensional Analysis
1.1.06: Estimates and Fermi Calculations
1.1.E: Exercises
1.02: Particles and Interactions
1.2.01: Inertia
1.2.02: Momentum
1.2.03: Force and Impulse
1.2.04: Examples
1.2.05: Particles and Interactions (Exercises)
1.03: Vector Analysis
1.3.01: Position Vectors and Components
1.3.02: Vector Algebra in 1 Dimension
1.3.03: Vector Algebra in 2 Dimensions- Graphical
1.3.04: Vector Algebra in Multiple Dimensions- Calculations
1.3.E: Vectors (Exercises)
1.04: Systems and The Center of Mass
1.4.01: The Law of Inertia
1.4.02: Extended Systems and Center of Mass
1.4.03: Reference Frame Changes and Relative Motion
1.4.04: Examples
1.4.E: Systems and the Center of Mass Exercises
1.05: Conservation of Momentum
1.5.01: Conservation of Linear Momentum
1.5.02: The Problem Solving Framework
1.5.03: Examples
1.5.04: More Examples
1.5.E: Conservation of Momentum (Exercises)
1.06: Conservation of Energy- Kinetic and Gravitational
1.6.01: Kinetic Energy
1.6.02: Conservative Interactions
1.6.03: The Inverse-Square Law
1.6.04: Conservation of Energy
1.6.05: Dissipation of Energy and Thermal Energy
1.6.06: Relative Velocity and the Coefficient of Restitution
1.6.07: Examples
1.6.E: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy (Exercises)
1.07: Potential Energy- Graphs and Springs
1.7.01: Potential Energy of a System
1.7.02: Potential Energy Functions
1.7.03: Potential Energy Graphs
1.7.04: Examples
1.7.E: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy (Exercises)
1.08: Work
1.8.01: Introduction- Work and Impulse
1.8.02: Work on a Single Particle
1.8.03: The Center of Mass Work
1.8.04: Examples
1.8.E: Work and Kinetic Energy (Exercises)
1.09: Conservation of Angular Momentum I
1.9.01: Angular Momentum
1.9.02: Angular Momentum and Torque
1.9.03: Examples
1.9.E: Angular Momentum (Exercises)
1.10: Rotational Energy
1.10.01: Rotational Kinetic Energy and Moment of Inertia
1.10.02: Rolling Motion
1.10.03: Examples
1.10.E: Fixed-Axis Rotation Introduction (Exercises)
1.11: Conservation of Angular Momentum II
1.11.01: The Angular Momentum of a Point and The Cross Product
1.11.02: Torque
1.11.03: Examples
1.11.04: Extended Mass Distributions
1.11.E: Angular Momentum (Exercises)
1.12: Thermal Energy
1.12.01: Lost Energy and the Discovery of Conservation of Energy
1.12.02: Kinetic Theory of Heat
1.12.03: Thermometers and Temperature Scales
1.12.04: Heat Transfer Specific Heat and Calorimetry
1.12.05: Microscopic Origins of Thermal Expansion
1.12.06: Thermal Energy (Exercises)
1.13: Other Forms of Energy
1.13.01: Phase Changes
1.13.02: Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
1.13.03: Temperature and Heat (Exercises)
1.14: Collisions in Summary
1.14.01: Types of Collisions
1.14.02: Examples
1.14.E: Collisions (Exercises)
02: Forces and Kinematics
2.01: N1) Newton's Laws
2.1.01: Forces and Newton's Three Laws
2.1.02: Details on Newton's First Law
2.1.03: Details on Newton's Second Law
2.1.04: Details on Newtons Third Law
2.1.05: Free-Body Diagrams
2.1.06: Motion on a Circle (Or Part of a Circle)
2.1.07: Newton's Laws of Motion (Exercises)
2.02: N2) 1 Dimensional Kinematics
2.2.01: Vector Calculus
2.2.02: Position Displacement Velocity
2.2.03: Acceleration
2.2.04: Free Fall
2.2.05: The Connection Between Displacement Velocity and Acceleration
2.2.06: Examples
2.2.E: Motion Along a Straight Line (Exercises)
2.03: N3) 2 Dimensional Kinematics and Projectile Motion
2.3.01: Dealing with Forces in Two Dimensions
2.3.02: Motion in Two Dimensions and Projectile Motion
2.3.03: Inclined Planes
2.3.04: Examples
2.3.E: Projectile Motion (Exercises)
2.04: N4) Motion from Forces
2.4.01: Solving Problems with Newton's Laws (Part 1)
2.4.02: Solving Problems with Newton's Laws (Part 2)
2.4.03: Examples
2.4.E: Newton's Laws of Motion (Exercises)
2.05: N5) Friction
2.5.01: Friction (Part 1)
2.5.02: Friction (Part 2)
2.5.03: More Examples
2.5.E: Friction (Exercises)
2.06: N6) Statics and Springs
2.6.01: Conditions for Static Equilibrium
2.6.02: Springs
2.6.03: Examples
2.6.E: Static Equilibrium and Elasticity (Exercises)
2.07: N7) Circular Motion
2.7.01: Banking
2.7.02: Examples
2.7.E: Applications of Newton's Laws (Exercises)
2.08: N8) Forces Energy and Work
2.8.01: Forces and Potential Energy
2.8.02: Work Done on a System By All the External Forces
2.8.03: Forces Not Derived From a Potential Energy
2.8.04: Examples
2.8.E: Work and Kinetic Energy (Exercises)
2.09: N9) Rotational Motion
2.9.01: Rotational Variables
2.9.02: Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration
2.9.03: Relating Angular and Translational Quantities
2.9.04: Newtons Second Law for Rotation
2.9.05: Examples
2.9.E: Fixed-Axis Rotation Introduction (Exercises)
2.10: N10) Simple Harmonic Motion
2.10.01: Introduction- The Physics of Oscillations
2.10.02: Simple Harmonic Motion
2.10.03: Pendulums
2.10.04: In Summary
2.10.05: Examples
2.10.06: Advanced Topics
2.10.07: Simple Harmonic Motion- Exercises
03: Relativity (in progress)
3.01: Einsteins Postulates
3.02: The Relativity Principle
3.03: The Nature of Time
3.04: Measuring Lengths and Coincidences
3.05: Waves and Aether
3.06: (Optional - Includes more math) Derivation of the Lorentz Transformations
3.07: Relativistic Velocity Transformation
3.08: Doppler Effect for Light
3.09: An Invariant Measure of Length
3.10: Ultrarelativistic particles
3.11: Emc
3.12: Relativistic Momentum
3.13: Relativistic Energy
3.14: Time Dialation and Space Contraction Revisited
3.15: (Graphical Derivation using World lines) Addition of Velocities
3.16: Twin Paradox
3.17: Paradoxes
3.A: Relativity (Answers)
3.E: Relativity (Exercises)
04: Miscellanea
4.01: Problem Solving
4.1.01: All models are wrong some models are useful
4.02: Math Review
4.2.01: Introduction
4.2.02: Geometrical Shapes
4.2.03: Triangles
4.2.04: The Rectangular Coordinate Systems and Graphs
4.2.05: Finding Angle Measurements
4.2.06: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
4.2.07: Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities
4.2.7.01: Solving Linera Equations
4.2.7.02: Solving Inequalities
4.2.7.03: Solving Quadratic Equations
4.2.7.04: Solving a System of Linear Equations
4.2.7.05: Solving a System of Linear Equations with Cramer's Rule
4.2.08: Functions
4.2.8.01: Basic Functions
4.2.8.02: Trigonometric Functions
4.2.8.03: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
4.2.8.04: Properties of Logarithms
4.2.8.05: Exponential and Logarithmic Models
4.2.09: Vectors
4.2.9.01: Review of Trigonometry
4.2.9.02: Right Angle Triangle Trigonometry
4.2.9.03: Scalars and Vectors
4.2.9.04: Coordinate Systems and Components of a Vector
4.2.9.05: Algebra of Vectors
4.2.9.06: Products of Vectors
4.2.9.07: Further Topics
4.2.9.E: Practice
4.2.10: Vectors