Nguồn ngoài

Principles of Macroeconomics

Social Sciences

Nhà xuất bản: LibreTexts
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Kinh tế

Đọc trực tuyến Tải PDF (nguồn mở)

Mục lục· 214 mục

01: Welcome to Economics
1.01: Introduction
1.02: What Economics Is and Why is it Important
1.03: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
1.04: How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues
1.05: Opportunity cost and the market
1.06: Aggregate output growth and business cycles
1.07: How Economies Can Be Organized- An Overview of Economic Systems
1.08: Data analysis
1.09: Data theory and economic models
1.10: Key Terms
1.11: Key Concepts and Summary
1.12: Self-Check Questions
1.13: Review Questions
1.14: Critical Thinking Questions
1.15: Choice in a World of Scarcity
02: Choice in a World of Scarcity
2.01: Introduction to Choice in a World of Scarcity
2.02: How Individuals Make Choices Based on Their Budget Constraint
2.03: The Production Possibilities Frontier and Social Choices
2.04: Confronting Objections to the Economic Approach
2.05: Key Terms
2.06: Key Concepts and Summary
2.07: Self-Check Questions
2.08: Review Questions
2.09: Critical Thinking Questions
2.10: Problems
03: Demand and Supply
3.01: Introduction to Demand and Supply
3.02: Demand Supply and Equilibrium in Markets for Goods and Services
3.03: Shifts in Demand and Supply for Goods and Services
3.04: Changes in Equilibrium Price and Quantity- The Four-Step Process
3.05: Price Ceilings and Price Floors
3.06: Demand Supply and Efficiency
3.07: Key Terms
3.08: Key Concepts and Summary
3.09: Self-Check Questions
3.10: Review Questions
3.11: Critical Thinking Questions
3.12: Problems
04: Elasticity
4.01: Introduction to Elasticity
4.02: Price Elasticity of Demand and Price Elasticity of Supply
4.03: Polar Cases of Elasticity and Constant Elasticity
4.04: Elasticity and Pricing
4.05: Elasticity in Areas Other Than Price
4.06: Key Terms
4.07: Key Concepts and Summary
4.08: Self-Check Questions
4.09: Review Questions
4.10: Critical Thinking Questions
4.11: Problems
05: Inequality Poverty and Discrimination
5.01: Income Inequality
5.02: The Economics of Poverty
5.03: The Economics of Discrimination
5.04: Review and Practice
06: The Macroeconomic Perspective
6.01: Introduction to the Macroeconomic Perspective
6.02: Measuring the Size of the Economy- Gross Domestic Product
6.03: Adjusting Nominal Values to Real Values
6.04: Tracking Real GDP over Time
6.05: Comparing GDP among Countries
6.06: How Well GDP Measures the Well-Being of Society
6.07: Key Terms
6.08: Key Concepts and Summary
6.09: Self-Check Questions
6.10: Review Questions
6.11: Critical Thinking Questions
6.12: Problems
07: Inflation
7.01: Introduction to Inflation
7.02: Tracking Inflation
7.03: How to Measure Changes in the Cost of Living
7.04: How the U.S. and Other Countries Experience Inflation
7.05: The Confusion Over Inflation
7.06: Indexing and Its Limitations
7.07: Key Terms
7.08: Key Concepts and Summary
7.09: Self-Check Questions
7.10: Review Questions
7.11: Critical Thinking Questions
7.12: Problems
08: Economic Growth
8.01: Introduction to Economic Growth
8.02: The Relatively Recent Arrival of Economic Growth
8.03: Labor Productivity and Economic Growth
8.04: Components of Economic Growth
8.05: Economic Convergence
8.06: Key Terms
8.07: Key Concepts and Summary
8.08: Self-Check Questions
8.09: Review Questions
8.10: Critical Thinking Questions
8.11: Problems
09: Unemployment
9.01: Introduction to Unemployment
9.02: How Economists Define and Compute Unemployment Rate
9.03: Patterns of Unemployment
9.04: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Short Run
9.05: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Long Run
9.06: Key Terms
9.07: Key Concepts and Summary
9.08: Self-Check Questions
9.09: Review Questions
9.10: Critical Thinking Questions
9.11: Problems
10: Money and Banking
10.01: Introduction to Money and Banking
10.02: Defining Money by Its Functions
10.03: Measuring Money- Currency M1 and M2
10.04: The Role of Banks
10.05: How Banks Create Money
10.06: Key Terms
10.07: Key Concepts and Summary
10.08: Self-Check Questions
10.09: Review Questions
10.10: Critical Thinking Questions
10.11: Problems
11: Monetary Policy and Bank Regulation
11.01: Introduction to Monetary Policy and Bank Regulation
11.02: The Federal Reserve Banking System and Central Banks
11.03: Bank Regulation
11.04: How a Central Bank Executes Monetary Policy
11.05: Monetary Policy and Economic Outcomes
11.06: Pitfalls for Monetary Policy
11.07: Key Terms
11.08: Key Concepts and Summary
11.09: Self-Check Questions
11.10: Review Questions
11.11: Critical Thinking Questions
11.12: Problems
12: Exchange Rates and International Capital Flows
12.01: Introduction to Exchange Rates and International Capital Flows
12.02: How the Foreign Exchange Market Works
12.03: Demand and Supply Shifts in Foreign Exchange Markets
12.04: Macroeconomic Effects of Exchange Rates
12.05: Exchange Rate Policies
12.06: Key Terms
12.07: Key Concepts and Summary
12.08: Self-Check Questions
12.09: Review Questions
12.10: Critical Thinking Questions
12.11: Problems
13: The Aggregate Demand Aggregate Supply Model
13.01: Introduction to the Aggregate Demand Aggregate Supply Model
13.02: Macroeconomic Perspectives on Demand and Supply
13.03: Building a Model of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
13.04: Shifts in Aggregate Supply
13.05: Shifts in Aggregate Demand
13.06: How the AD AS Model Incorporates Growth Unemployment and Inflation
13.07: Keynes Law and Says Law in the AD AS Model
13.08: Key Terms
13.09: Key Concepts and Summary
13.10: Self-Check Questions
13.11: Review Questions
13.12: Critical Thinking Questions
13.13: Problems
14: The Keynesian Perspective
14.01: Introduction to the Keynesian Perspective
14.02: Aggregate Demand in Keynesian Analysis
14.03: The Building Blocks of Keynesian Analysis
14.04: The Phillips Curve
14.05: The Keynesian Perspective on Market Forces
14.06: Key Terms
14.07: Key Concepts and Summary
14.08: Self-Check Questions
14.09: Review Questions
14.10: Critical Thinking Questions
15: The Neoclassical Perspective
15.01: Introduction to the Neoclassical Perspective
15.02: The Building Blocks of Neoclassical Analysis
15.03: The Policy Implications of the Neoclassical Perspective
15.04: Balancing Keynesian and Neoclassical Models
15.05: Key Terms
15.06: Key Concepts and Summary
15.07: Self-Check Questions
15.08: Review Questions
15.09: Critical Thinking Questions
15.10: Problems
16: Business Cycle
16.01: Economic Activity
16.02: Failure of the Classical Theory
16.03: Business Cycle Stages
16.04: Measuring The Business Cycle
16.05: Leading Coincident and Lagging Economic Indicators
16.06: The Economy is in Recession What to do
17: Government Budgets and Fiscal Policy
17.01: Introduction to Government Budgets and Fiscal Policy
17.02: Government Spending
17.03: Taxation
17.04: Federal Deficits and the National Debt
17.05: Using Fiscal Policy to Fight Recession Unemployment and Inflation
17.06: Automatic Stabilizers
17.07: Practical Problems with Discretionary Fiscal Policy
17.08: The Question of a Balanced Budget
17.09: Key Terms
17.10: Key Concepts and Summary
17.11: Self-Check Questions
17.12: Review Questions
17.13: Critical Thinking Questions
17.14: Problems
18: International Trade
18.01: Introduction to International Trade
18.02: Absolute and Comparative Advantage
18.03: What Happens When a Country Has an Absolute Advantage in All Goods
18.04: Intra-industry Trade between Similar Economies
18.05: The Benefits of Reducing Barriers to International Trade
18.06: Key Terms
18.07: Key Concepts and Summary
18.08: Self-Check Questions
18.09: Review Questions
18.10: Critical Thinking Questions
18.11: Problems