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Biology for Majors I

This gateway biology course provides a strong foundation in the principles of biology for students majoring in Natural Science, medical and healthcare fields. It is the second of a two-course sequence. Primary topics such as the history of life, body systems, and ecology are covered in this course.

Biology

Nhà xuất bản: Lumen Learning
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

Đọc trực tuyến Tải PDF (nguồn mở)

Mục lục· 286 mục

01: Course Contents
1.01: About This Course
1.02: Course Contents at a Glance
1.03: Learning Outcomes
02: Faculty Resources
2.01: Faculty Resources Overview
2.02: Pacing
2.03: PDF
2.04: PowerPoints
2.05: Assignments
2.06: Assignments with Samples
2.07: Question Banks
2.08: I Need Help
03: Module 1- Introduction to Biology
3.01: Why It Matters- Introduction to Biology
3.02: Introduction to Characteristics of Life
3.03: Properties of Life
3.04: Introduction to Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
3.05: Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
3.06: Levels of Organization of Living Things
3.07: Introduction to Taxonomy
3.08: The Diversity of Life
3.09: Phylogenetic Trees
3.10: Taxonomy
3.11: Introduction to the Study of Biology
3.12: The Branches of Biology
3.13: Scientific Inquiry
3.14: Experiments and Hypotheses
3.15: Interpreting Results
3.16: Putting It Together- Introduction to Biology
04: Module 2- Chemistry of Life
4.01: Why It Matters- The Chemistry of Life
4.02: Introduction to Atoms and Elements
4.03: Atoms
4.04: The Periodic Table of Elements
4.05: Electrons
4.06: Introduction to Atomic Bonds
4.07: Ionic Bonds
4.08: Covalent Bonds
4.09: Hydrogen Bonds
4.10: Introduction to Functional Groups
4.11: Functional Groups
4.12: Introduction to The pH Scale
4.13: Acids and Bases
4.14: Buffers
4.15: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
4.16: Chemical Reactions and Molecules
4.17: Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways
4.18: Enzymes
4.19: Introduction to Thermodynamics
4.20: Open and Closed Systems
4.21: The First Law of Thermodynamics
4.22: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
4.23: Putting It Together- Chemistry of Life
4.24: Assignment- Biological Astronaut
4.25: Assignment- Interacting with Attributes of Molecules
05: Module 3- Important Biological Macromolecules
5.01: Why It Matters- Important Biological Macromolecules
5.02: Introduction to Proteins
5.03: Amino Acids
5.04: Protein Structure
5.05: Function of Proteins
5.06: Introduction to Lipids
5.07: Lipids
5.08: Introduction to Carbohydrates
5.09: Structure and Function of Carbohydrates
5.10: Introduction to Nucleic Acids
5.11: Structure of Nucleic Acids
5.12: DNA and RNA
5.13: Introduction to Comparing Biological Macromolecules
5.14: Different Types of Biological Macromolecules
5.15: Putting It Together- Important Biological Macromolecules
5.16: Assignment- Nutritionist for a Day
06: Module 4- Cellular Structure
6.01: Why It Matters- Cellular Structure
6.02: Introduction to Microscopes
6.03: Microscopy
6.04: Introduction to Organelles
6.05: Cytoplasm
6.06: Nucleus
6.07: Ribosomes Mitochondria and Peroxisomes
6.08: Endomembrane System
6.09: Vesicles
6.10: Unique Features of Animal and Plant Cells
6.11: Introduction to Cytoskeleton
6.12: Microfilaments
6.13: Intermediate Filaments
6.14: Microtubules
6.15: Introduction to Cell Surface
6.16: Cell Membranes
6.17: Cell Junctions
6.18: The Cell Wall
6.19: Putting It Together- Cellular Structure
6.20: Assignment- Cell Builder
07: Module 5- Cell Membranes
7.01: Why It Matters- Cell Membranes
7.02: Introduction to Structure of the Membrane
7.03: Structure of the Cell Membrane
7.04: Phospholipids
7.05: Introduction to Kinds of Transport
7.06: Passive Transport
7.07: Active Transport
7.08: Membranes and Transport
7.09: Introduction to Endocytosis and Exocytosis
7.10: Endocytosis
7.11: Exocytosis
7.12: Putting It Together- Cell Membranes
7.13: Assignment- Membranes Alive
08: Module 6- Metabolic Pathways
8.01: Why It Matters- Metabolic Pathways
8.02: Introduction to Redox Reactions
8.03: Electrons and Energy
8.04: ATP in Living Systems
8.05: Introduction to Photosynthesis
8.06: An Overview of Photosynthesis
8.07: Spectrums of Light
8.08: Light-Dependent Reactions
8.09: Light-Independent Reactions
8.10: Photosynthesis
8.11: Introduction to Cellular Respiration
8.12: Glycolysis
8.13: Pyruvate Oxidation
8.14: Citric Acid Cycle
8.15: Electron Transport Chain
8.16: Cellular Respiration
8.17: Introduction to Fermentation
8.18: Metabolism without Oxygen
8.19: Types of Fermentation
8.20: Putting It Together- Metabolic Pathways
8.21: Assignment- Observing Energy Transactions
09: Module 7- Cell Communication
9.01: Why It Matters- Cell Communication
9.02: Introduction to Signaling Molecules and Cellular Receptors
9.03: Types of Signals
9.04: Signaling Molecules
9.05: Signaling Receptors
9.06: Introduction to Propagation of the Signal
9.07: Binding Initiates a Signaling Pathway
9.08: Methods of Intracellular Signaling
9.09: Introduction to Response to the Signal
9.10: Expression and Growth
9.11: Cell Death
9.12: Introduction to Signaling in Single-Celled Organisms
9.13: Signaling in Yeast
9.14: Signaling in Bacteria
9.15: Putting It Together- Cell Communication
10: Module 8- Cell Division
10.01: Why It Matters- Cell Division
10.02: Introduction to Chromosomes and DNA Packaging
10.03: DNA and Chromosomes
10.04: Chromosome Structure
10.05: Introduction to the Cell Cycle
10.06: Interphase
10.07: Mitosis
10.08: Cytokinesis
10.09: The Complete Cycle
10.10: Introduction to Cell Cycle Checkpoints
10.11: Control of the Cell Cycle
10.12: Cancer and the Cell Cycle
10.13: Introduction to Meiosis
10.14: Stages of Meiosis
10.15: Meiosis I
10.16: Meiosis II
10.17: Meiosis
10.18: Introduction to Genetic Diversity
10.19: Sexual Reproduction
10.20: Genetic Variation in Meiosis
10.21: Chromosomal Structural Rearrangements
10.22: Mitosis Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction
10.23: Introduction to Errors in Chromosome Number
10.24: Karyotypes
10.25: Common Disorders
10.26: Putting It Together- Cell Division
10.27: Assignment- Mitosis and Meiosis Worksheets
11: Module 9- DNA Structure and Replication
11.01: Why It Matters- DNA Structure and Replication
11.02: Introduction to Storing Genetic Information
11.03: Structure of DNA
11.04: Genetic Information
11.05: DNA Packaging in Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
11.06: Introduction to DNA Base Pairs and Replication
11.07: The History of DNA
11.08: Basics of DNA Replication
11.09: Major Enzymes
11.10: Proofreading DNA
11.11: Telomeres
11.12: Introduction to DNA Mutations
11.13: What is a Mutation
11.14: Mutations in Somatic Cells and in Gametes
11.15: Major Types of Mutations
11.16: Putting It Together- DNA Structure and Replication
11.17: Assignment- Which Has More DNA
12: Module 10- DNA Transcription and Translation
12.01: Why It Matters- DNA Transcription and Translation
12.02: Introduction to Transcription
12.03: Steps of Genetic Transcription
12.04: RNA Polymerase
12.05: pre-RNA and mRNA
12.06: RNA Post-Translational Modification
12.07: Introduction to Translation
12.08: Steps of Translation
12.09: Ribosomes
12.10: tRNA
12.11: Codons
12.12: Protein Modifications
12.13: Introduction to Prokaryotic Transcription and Translation
12.14: Prokaryotic Transcription
12.15: Prokaryotic Translation
12.16: Introduction to the Central Dogma
12.17: The Central Dogma
12.18: Putting It Together- DNA Transcription and Translation
13: Module 11- Gene Expression
13.01: Why It Matters- Gene Expression
13.02: Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression
13.03: Expression of Genes
13.04: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
13.05: Introduction to Prokaryotic Gene Regulation
13.06: Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes
13.07: Repressors
13.08: Activators and Inducers
13.09: Prokaryotic Gene Regulation at Work
13.10: Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation
13.11: Eukaryotic Epigenetic Gene Regulation
13.12: Eukaryotic Transcription Gene Regulation
13.13: Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression
13.14: Putting It Together- Gene Expression
13.15: Assignment- How Mutations Work
14: Module 12- Trait Inheritance
14.01: Why It Matters- Trait Inheritance
14.02: Introduction to the Father of Genetics
14.03: Mendels Experiments and Heredity
14.04: Characteristics and Traits
14.05: Laws of Inheritance
14.06: Heredity
14.07: Introduction to Beyond Dominance and Recessiveness
14.08: Non-Mendelian Inheritance
14.09: Non-Mendelian Punnett Squares
14.10: Multiple Alleles
14.11: Introduction to Heredity and Disease
14.12: Penetrance and Expressivity
14.13: Pedigrees and Disease
14.14: Pedigree Flowchart
14.15: Genetic Disorder and Pedigrees
14.16: Introduction to Genetics and the Environment
14.17: Epistasis
14.18: Polygenic Inheritance and Environmental Effects
14.19: Effect of the Environment
14.20: Pleiotropy and Human Disorders
14.21: Putting It Together- Trait Inheritance
14.22: Assignment- Dragon Genetics
15: Module 13- Theory of Evolution
15.01: Why It Matters- Theory of Evolution
15.02: Introduction to Charles Darwin
15.03: Darwin and Descent with Modification
15.04: Darwin and the Theory of Evolution
15.05: Natural Selection
15.06: Introduction to Evidence for Evolution
15.07: Physical Evidence
15.08: Biological Evidence
15.09: Misconceptions of Evolution
15.10: Introduction to Mutations and Evolution
15.11: Population Genetics
15.12: Selective and Environmental Pressures
15.13: Introduction to Phylogenetic Trees
15.14: Scientific Classification
15.15: Structure of Phylogenetic Trees
15.16: Limitations of Phylogenetic Trees
15.17: The Taxonomic Classification System
15.18: Putting It Together- Theory of Evolution
16: Module 14- Modern Biology
16.01: Why It Matters- Modern Biology
16.02: Introduction to Key Technologies
16.03: Manipulating Genetic Material
16.04: DNA Sequencing
16.05: Cloning
16.06: Genetic Engineering
16.07: Introduction to Biotechnology Applications
16.08: Medicinal Biotechnology
16.09: Agricultural Biotechnology
16.10: Biotechnology at the Cutting Edge
16.11: Introduction to Risks and Benefits of Genomic Science
16.12: Genetic Information Used for Identification
16.13: Medical Uses of Genetic Information
16.14: Genomics in Agriculture
16.15: Putting It Together- Modern Biology
16.16: Assignment- When Jabberjays Attack