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Louisville Collegiate School General Chemistry

This Textmap is designed for the two-semester general chemistry course. For many students, this course provides the foundation to a career in chemistry, while for others, this may be their only college-level science course. As such, this textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them.

Chemistry

Tác giả: OpenStax
Nhà xuất bản: LibreTexts
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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Appendices
Composition of Commercial Acids and Bases
Essential Mathematics
Formation Constants for Complex Ions
Fundamental Physical Constants
Ionization Constants of Weak Acids
Ionization Constants of Weak Bases
Solubility Products
Standard Electrode (Half-Cell) Potentials
Standard Thermodynamic Properties for Selected Substances
The Periodic Table
Units and Conversion Factors
Water Properties
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 01: Essential Ideas
1.1: Chemistry in Context
1.2: Phases and Classification of Matter
1.3: Physical and Chemical Properties
1.4: Measurements
1.5: Measurement Uncertainty Accuracy and Precision
1.6: Mathematical Treatment of Measurement Results
1.E: Essential Ideas of Chemistry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 02: Atoms Molecules and Ions
2.0: Prelude to Atoms
2.1: Early Ideas in Atomic Theory
2.2: Evolution of Atomic Theory
2.3: Atomic Structure and Symbolism
2.4: Chemical Formulas
2.5: The Periodic Table
2.6: Molecular and Ionic Compounds
2.7: Chemical Nomenclature
2.E: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 03: Composition of Substances and Solutions
3.1: Formula Mass and the Mole Concept
3.2: Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
3.3: Molarity
3.4: Other Units for Solution Concentrations
3.E: Composition of Substances and Solutions (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 04: Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions
4.0: Prelude to Stoichiometry
4.1: Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations
4.2: Classifying Chemical Reactions
4.3: Reaction Stoichiometry
4.4: Reaction Yields
4.5: Quantitative Chemical Analysis
4.E: Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 05: Thermochemistry
5.0: Prelude to Thermochemistry
5.1: Energy Basics
5.2: Calorimetry
5.3: Enthalpy
5.E: Thermochemistry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 06: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties of Elements
6.1: Electromagnetic Energy
6.2: The Bohr Model
6.3: Development of Quantum Theory
6.4: Electronic Structure of Atoms (Electron Configurations)
6.5: Periodic Variations in Element Properties
6.E: Electronic Structure and Periodic Properties (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 07: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry
7.0: Prelude to Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry
7.1: Ionic Bonding
7.2: Covalent Bonding
7.3: Lewis Symbols and Structures
7.4: Formal Charges and Resonance
7.5: Strengths of Ionic and Covalent Bonds
7.6: Molecular Structure and Polarity
7.E: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 08: Advanced Theories of Covalent Bonding
8.0: Prelude to Covalent Bonding
8.1: Valence Bond Theory
8.2: Hybrid Atomic Orbitals
8.3: Multiple Bonds
8.4: Molecular Orbital Theory
8.E: Advanced Theories of Covalent Bonding (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 09: Gases
9.1: Gas Pressure
9.2: Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law
9.3: Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, Mixtures, and Reactions
9.4: Effusion and Diffusion of Gases
9.5: The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
9.6: Non-Ideal Gas Behavior
9.E: Gases (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 10: Liquids and Solids
10.0: Prelude to Liquids and Solids
10.1: Intermolecular Forces
10.2: Properties of Liquids
10.3: Phase Transitions
10.4: Phase Diagrams
10.5: The Solid State of Matter
10.6: Lattice Structures in Crystalline Solids
10.E: Liquids and Solids (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 11: Solutions and Colloids
11.0: Prelude to Solutions and Colloids
11.1: The Dissolution Process
11.2: Electrolytes
11.3: Solubility
11.4: Colligative Properties
11.5: Colloids
11.E: Solutions and Colloids (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 12: Kinetics
12.0: Prelude to Kinetics
12.1: Chemical Reaction Rates
12.2: Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
12.3: Rate Laws
12.4: Integrated Rate Laws
12.5: Collision Theory
12.6: Reaction Mechanisms
12.7: Catalysis
12.E: Kinetics (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 13: Fundamental Equilibrium Concepts
13.0: Prelude to Equilibrium
13.1: Chemical Equilibria
13.2: Equilibrium Constants
13.3: Shifting Equilibria - Le Châtelier’s Principle
13.4: Equilibrium Calculations
13.E: Fundamental Equilibrium Concepts (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 14: Acid-Base Equilibria
14.1: Brønsted-Lowry Acids and Bases
14.2: pH and pOH
14.3: Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
14.4: Hydrolysis of Salt Solutions
14.5: Polyprotic Acids
14.6: Buffers
14.7: Acid-Base Titrations
14.E: Acid-Base Equilibria (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 15: Equilibria of Other Reaction Classes
15.1: Precipitation and Dissolution
15.2: Lewis Acids and Bases
15.3: Coupled Equilibria
15.E: Equilibria of Other Reaction Classes (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 16: Thermodynamics
16.1: Spontaneity
16.2: Entropy
16.3: The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics
16.4: Gibbs Energy
16.E: Thermodynamics (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 17: Electrochemistry
17.1: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
17.2: Galvanic Cells
17.3: Standard Reduction Potentials
17.4: The Nernst Equation
17.5: Batteries and Fuel Cells
17.6: Corrosion
17.7: Electrolysis
17.E: Electrochemistry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 18: Representative Metals Metalloids and Nonmetals
18.01: Periodicity
18.02: Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals
18.03: Structure and General Properties of the Metalloids
18.04: Structure and General Properties of the Nonmetals
18.05: Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Hydrogen
18.06: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Carbonates
18.07: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Nitrogen
18.08: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Phosphorus
18.09: Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Oxygen
18.10: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Sulfur
18.11: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Halogens
18.12: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of the Noble Gases
18.E: Representative Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 19: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
19.1: Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds
19.2: Coordination Chemistry of Transition Metals
19.3: Optical and Magnetic Properties of Coordination Compounds
19.E: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 20: Organic Chemistry
20.0: Prelude to Organic Chemistry
20.1: Hydrocarbons
20.2: Alcohols and Ethers
20.3: Aldehydes, Ketones, Carboxylic Acids, and Esters
20.4: Amines and Amides
20.E: Organic Chemistry (Exercises)
LibreTexts Louisville Collegiate School Chapters 21: Nuclear Chemistry
21.2: Nuclear Equations
21.3: Radioactive Decay
21.4: Transmutation and Nuclear Energy
21.5: Uses of Radioisotopes
21.6: Biological Effects of Radiation
21.E: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)