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Principles of Macroeconomics 3e

Principles of Macroeconomics has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most introductory macroeconomics courses. At the same time, the book includes a number of innovative features designed to enhance student learning. Instructors can also customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom.

Economics Social Sciences

Tác giả: OpenStax
Nhà xuất bản: LibreTexts
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Kinh tế

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Mục lục· 285 mục

01: Welcome to Economics
1.01: Introduction
1.02: What Economics Is and Why is it Important
1.03: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
1.04: How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues
1.05: How Economies Can Be Organized- An Overview of Economic Systems
1.06: Key Terms
1.07: Key Concepts and Summary
1.08: Self-Check Questions
1.09: Review Questions
1.10: Critical Thinking Questions
02: Choice in a World of Scarcity
2.01: Introduction to Choice in a World of Scarcity
2.02: How Individuals Make Choices Based on Their Budget Constraint
2.03: The Production Possibilities Frontier and Social Choices
2.04: Confronting Objections to the Economic Approach
2.05: Key Terms
2.06: Key Concepts and Summary
2.07: Self-Check Questions
2.08: Review Questions
2.09: Critical Thinking Questions
2.10: Problems
03: Demand and Supply
3.01: Introduction to Demand and Supply
3.02: Demand Supply and Equilibrium in Markets for Goods and Services
3.03: Shifts in Demand and Supply for Goods and Services
3.04: Changes in Equilibrium Price and Quantity- The Four-Step Process
3.05: Price Ceilings and Price Floors
3.06: Demand Supply and Efficiency
3.07: Key Terms
3.08: Key Concepts and Summary
3.09: Self-Check Questions
3.10: Review Questions
3.11: Critical Thinking Questions
3.12: Problems
04: Labor and Financial Markets
4.01: Introduction to Labor and Financial Markets
4.02: Demand and Supply at Work in Labor Markets
4.03: Demand and Supply in Financial Markets
4.04: The Market System as an Efficient Mechanism for Information
4.05: Key Terms
4.06: Key Concepts and Summary
4.07: Self-Check Questions
4.08: Review Questions
4.09: Critical Thinking Questions
4.10: Problems
05: Elasticity
5.01: Introduction to Elasticity
5.02: Price Elasticity of Demand and Price Elasticity of Supply
5.03: Polar Cases of Elasticity and Constant Elasticity
5.04: Elasticity and Pricing
5.05: Elasticity in Areas Other Than Price
5.06: Key Terms
5.07: Key Concepts and Summary
5.08: Self-Check Questions
5.09: Review Questions
5.10: Critical Thinking Questions
5.11: Problems
06: The Macroeconomic Perspective
6.01: Introduction to the Macroeconomic Perspective
6.02: Measuring the Size of the Economy- Gross Domestic Product
6.03: Adjusting Nominal Values to Real Values
6.04: Tracking Real GDP over Time
6.05: Comparing GDP among Countries
6.06: How Well GDP Measures the Well-Being of Society
6.07: Key Terms
6.08: Key Concepts and Summary
6.09: Self-Check Questions
6.10: Review Questions
6.11: Critical Thinking Questions
6.12: Problems
07: Economic Growth
7.01: Introduction to Economic Growth
7.02: The Relatively Recent Arrival of Economic Growth
7.03: Labor Productivity and Economic Growth
7.04: Components of Economic Growth
7.05: Economic Convergence
7.06: Key Terms
7.07: Key Concepts and Summary
7.08: Self-Check Questions
7.09: Review Questions
7.10: Critical Thinking Questions
7.11: Problems
08: Unemployment
8.01: Introduction to Unemployment
8.02: How Economists Define and Compute Unemployment Rate
8.03: Patterns of Unemployment
8.04: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Short Run
8.05: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Long Run
8.06: Key Terms
8.07: Key Concepts and Summary
8.08: Self-Check Questions
8.09: Review Questions
8.10: Critical Thinking Questions
8.11: Problems
09: Inflation
9.01: Introduction to Inflation
9.02: Tracking Inflation
9.03: How to Measure Changes in the Cost of Living
9.04: How the U.S. and Other Countries Experience Inflation
9.05: The Confusion Over Inflation
9.06: Indexing and Its Limitations
9.07: Key Terms
9.08: Key Concepts and Summary
9.09: Self-Check Questions
9.10: Review Questions
9.11: Critical Thinking Questions
9.12: Problems
10: The International Trade and Capital Flows
10.01: Introduction to the International Trade and Capital Flows
10.02: Measuring Trade Balances
10.03: Trade Balances in Historical and International Context
10.04: Trade Balances and Flows of Financial Capital
10.05: The National Saving and Investment Identity
10.06: The Pros and Cons of Trade Deficits and Surpluses
10.07: The Difference between Level of Trade and the Trade Balance
10.08: Key Terms
10.09: Key Concepts and Summary
10.10: Self-Check Questions
10.11: Review Questions
10.12: Critical Thinking Questions
10.13: Problems
11: The Aggregate Demand Aggregate Supply Model
11.01: Introduction to the Aggregate Demand Aggregate Supply Model
11.02: Macroeconomic Perspectives on Demand and Supply
11.03: Building a Model of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
11.04: Shifts in Aggregate Supply
11.05: Shifts in Aggregate Demand
11.06: How the AD AS Model Incorporates Growth Unemployment and Inflation
11.07: Keynes Law and Says Law in the AD AS Model
11.08: Key Terms
11.09: Key Concepts and Summary
11.10: Self-Check Questions
11.11: Review Questions
11.12: Critical Thinking Questions
11.13: Problems
12: The Keynesian Perspective
12.01: Introduction to the Keynesian Perspective
12.02: Aggregate Demand in Keynesian Analysis
12.03: The Building Blocks of Keynesian Analysis
12.04: The Phillips Curve
12.05: The Keynesian Perspective on Market Forces
12.06: Key Terms
12.07: Key Concepts and Summary
12.08: Self-Check Questions
12.09: Review Questions
12.10: Critical Thinking Questions
13: The Neoclassical Perspective
13.01: Introduction to the Neoclassical Perspective
13.02: The Building Blocks of Neoclassical Analysis
13.03: The Policy Implications of the Neoclassical Perspective
13.04: Balancing Keynesian and Neoclassical Models
13.05: Key Terms
13.06: Key Concepts and Summary
13.07: Self-Check Questions
13.08: Review Questions
13.09: Critical Thinking Questions
13.10: Problems
14: Money and Banking
14.01: Introduction to Money and Banking
14.02: Defining Money by Its Functions
14.03: Measuring Money- Currency M1 and M2
14.04: The Role of Banks
14.05: How Banks Create Money
14.06: Key Terms
14.07: Key Concepts and Summary
14.08: Self-Check Questions
14.09: Review Questions
14.10: Critical Thinking Questions
14.11: Problems
15: Monetary Policy and Bank Regulation
15.01: Introduction to Monetary Policy and Bank Regulation
15.02: The Federal Reserve Banking System and Central Banks
15.03: Bank Regulation
15.04: How a Central Bank Executes Monetary Policy
15.05: Monetary Policy and Economic Outcomes
15.06: Pitfalls for Monetary Policy
15.07: Key Terms
15.08: Key Concepts and Summary
15.09: Self-Check Questions
15.10: Review Questions
15.11: Critical Thinking Questions
15.12: Problems
16: Exchange Rates and International Capital Flows
16.01: Introduction to Exchange Rates and International Capital Flows
16.02: How the Foreign Exchange Market Works
16.03: Demand and Supply Shifts in Foreign Exchange Markets
16.04: Macroeconomic Effects of Exchange Rates
16.05: Exchange Rate Policies
16.06: Key Terms
16.07: Key Concepts and Summary
16.08: Self-Check Questions
16.09: Review Questions
16.10: Critical Thinking Questions
16.11: Problems
17: Government Budgets and Fiscal Policy
17.01: Introduction to Government Budgets and Fiscal Policy
17.02: Government Spending
17.03: Taxation
17.04: Federal Deficits and the National Debt
17.05: Using Fiscal Policy to Fight Recession Unemployment and Inflation
17.06: Automatic Stabilizers
17.07: Practical Problems with Discretionary Fiscal Policy
17.08: The Question of a Balanced Budget
17.09: Key Terms
17.10: Key Concepts and Summary
17.11: Self-Check Questions
17.12: Review Questions
17.13: Critical Thinking Questions
17.14: Problems
18: The Impacts of Government Borrowing
18.01: Introduction to the Impacts of Government Borrowing
18.02: How Government Borrowing Affects Investment and the Trade Balance
18.03: Fiscal Policy and the Trade Balance
18.04: How Government Borrowing Affects Private Saving
18.05: Fiscal Policy Investment and Economic Growth
18.06: Key Terms
18.07: Key Concepts and Summary
18.08: Self-Check Questions
18.09: Review Questions
18.10: Critical Thinking Questions
18.11: Problems
19: Macroeconomic Policy Around the World
19.01: Introduction to Macroeconomic Policy around the World
19.02: The Diversity of Countries and Economies across the World
19.03: Improving Countries Standards of Living
19.04: Causes of Unemployment around the World
19.05: Causes of Inflation in Various Countries and Regions
19.06: Balance of Trade Concerns
19.07: Key Terms
19.08: Key Concepts and Summary
19.09: Self-Check Questions
19.10: Review Questions
19.11: Critical Thinking Questions
19.12: Problems
20: International Trade
20.01: Introduction to International Trade
20.02: Absolute and Comparative Advantage
20.03: What Happens When a Country Has an Absolute Advantage in All Goods
20.04: Intra-industry Trade between Similar Economies
20.05: The Benefits of Reducing Barriers to International Trade
20.06: Key Terms
20.07: Key Concepts and Summary
20.08: Self-Check Questions
20.09: Review Questions
20.10: Critical Thinking Questions
20.11: Problems
21: Globalization and Protectionism
21.01: Introduction to Globalization and Protectionism
21.02: Protectionism- An Indirect Subsidy from Consumers to Producers
21.03: International Trade and Its Effects on Jobs Wages and Working Conditions
21.04: Arguments in Support of Restricting Imports
21.05: How Governments Enact Trade Policy- Globally Regionally and Nationally
21.06: The Tradeoffs of Trade Policy
21.07: Key Terms
21.08: Key Concepts and Summary
21.09: Self-Check Questions
21.10: Review Questions
21.11: Critical Thinking Questions
21.12: Problems
22: Appendix
22.01: Appendix A- The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics
22.02: Appendix B- The Expenditure-Output Model
22.03: Answer Key
22.3.01: Chapter 1
22.3.02: Chapter 2
22.3.03: Chapter 3
22.3.04: Chapter 4
22.3.05: Chapter 5
22.3.06: Chapter 6
22.3.07: Chapter 7
22.3.08: Chapter 8
22.3.09: Chapter 9
22.3.10: Chapter 10
22.3.11: Chapter 11
22.3.12: Chapter 12
22.3.13: Chapter 13
22.3.14: Chapter 14
22.3.15: Chapter 15
22.3.16: Chapter 16
22.3.17: Chapter 17
22.3.18: Chapter 18
22.3.19: Chapter 19
22.3.20: Chapter 20
22.3.21: Chapter 21