Nguồn ngoài

Physical Chemistry

This textbook introduces fundamental concepts, beginning with thermodynamics, including the laws governing energy, work, and entropy. It explores gas behavior, phase equilibria, and the principles of chemical equilibrium. Electrochemistry and reaction kinetics are covered in detail, offering insights into reaction rates and mechanisms. With a structured approach, this book equips students with the essential tools to analyze and predict chemical phenomena quantitatively.

Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Textbook Maps Chemistry

Tác giả: Patrick Fleming
Nhà xuất bản: California State University East Bay
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY-NC-SA
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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Mục lục· 132 mục

01: The Basics
1.01: The System and the Surroundings
1.02: Pressure and Molar Volume
1.03: Temperature
1.04: The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
1.05: Work and Energy
1.E: The Basics (Exercises)
1.S: The Basics (Summary)
02: Gases
2.01: The Empirical Gas Laws
2.02: The Ideal Gas Law
2.03: The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
2.04: Kinetic Energy
2.05: Grahams Law of Effusion
2.06: Collisions with Other Molecules
2.07: Real Gases
2.E: Gases (Exercises)
2.S: Gases (Summary)
03: First Law of Thermodynamics
3.01: Prelude to Thermodynamics
3.02: Work and Heat
3.03: Reversible and Irreversible Pathways
3.04: Calorimetry
3.05: Temperature Dependence of Enthalpy
3.06: Reaction Enthalpies
3.07: Lattice Energy and the Born-Haber Cycle
3.E: First Law of Thermodynamics (Exercises)
3.S: First Law of Thermodynamics (Summary)
04: Putting the First Law to Work
4.01: Prelude to Putting the First Law to Work
4.02: Total and Exact Differentials
4.03: Compressibility and Expansivity
4.04: The Joule Experiment
4.05: The Joule-Thomson Effect
4.06: Useful Definitions and Relationships
4.E: Putting the First Law to Work (Exercises)
4.S: Putting the First Law to Work (Summary)
05: The Second Law
5.01: Introduction to the Second Law
5.02: Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle
5.03: Entropy
5.04: Calculating Entropy Changes
5.05: Comparing the System and the Surroundings
5.06: Entropy and Disorder
5.07: The Third Law of Thermodynamics
5.08: Adiabatic Compressibility
5.E: The Second Law (Exercises)
5.S: The Second Law (Summary)
06: Putting the Second Law to Work
6.01: Free Energy Functions
6.02: Combining the First and Second Laws - Maxwell's Relations
6.03: A G and Maximum Work
6.04: Volume Dependence of Helmholtz Energy
6.05: Pressure Dependence of Gibbs Energy
6.06: Temperature Dependence of A and G
6.07: When Two Variables Change at Once
6.08: The Difference between Cp and Cv
6.E: Putting the Second Law to Work (Exercises)
6.S: Putting the Second Law to Work (Summary)
07: Mixtures and Solutions
7.01: Thermodynamics of Mixing
7.02: Partial Molar Volume
7.03: Chemical Potential
7.04: The Gibbs-Duhem Equation
7.05: Non-ideality in Gases - Fugacity
7.06: Colligative Properties
7.07: Solubility
7.08: Non-ideality in Solutions - Activity
7.E: Mixtures and Solutions (Exercises)
7.S: Mixtures and Solutions (Summary)
08: Phase Equilibrium
8.01: Prelude to Phase Equilibrium
8.02: Single Component Phase Diagrams
8.03: Criterion for Phase Equilibrium
8.04: The Clapeyron Equation
8.05: The Clausius-Clapeyron Equation
8.06: Phase Diagrams for Binary Mixtures
8.07: Liquid-Vapor Systems - Raoults Law
8.08: Non-ideality - Henry's Law and Azeotropes
8.09: Solid-Liquid Systems - Eutectic Points
8.10: Cooling Curves
8.E: Phase Equilibrium (Exercises)
8.S: Phase Equilibrium (Summary)
09: Chemical Equilibria
9.01: Prelude to Chemical Equilibria
9.02: Chemical Potential
9.03: Activities and Fugacities
9.04: Pressure Dependence of Kp - Le Chatelier's Principle
9.05: Degree of Dissociation
9.06: Temperature Dependence of Equilibrium Constants - the van t Hoff Equation
9.07: The Dumas Bulb Method for Measuring Decomposition Equilibrium
9.08: Acid-Base Equilibria
9.09: Buffers
9.10: Solubility of Ionic Compounds
9.E: Chemical Equilibria (Exercises)
9.S: Chemical Equilibria (Summary)
10: Electrochemistry
10.01: Electricity
10.02: The connection to G
10.03: Half Cells and Standard Reduction Potentials
10.04: Entropy of Electrochemical Cells
10.05: Concentration Cells
10.E: Electrochemistry (Exercises)
10.S: Electrochemistry (Summary)
11: Chemical Kinetics I
11.01: Reaction Rate
11.02: Measuring Reaction Rates
11.03: Rate Laws
11.04: 0th order Rate Law
11.05: 1st order rate law
11.06: 2nd order Rate Laws
11.07: The Method of Initial Rates
11.08: The Method of Half-Lives
11.09: Temperature Dependence
11.10: Collision Theory
11.11: Transition State Theory
11.E: Chemical Kinetics I (Exercises)
11.S: Chemical Kinetics I (Summary)
12: Chemical Kinetics II
12.01: Reaction Mechanisms
12.02: Concentration Profiles for Some Simple Mechanisms
12.03: The Connection between Reaction Mechanisms and Reaction Rate Laws
12.04: The Rate Determining Step Approximation
12.05: The Steady-State Approximation
12.06: The Equilibrium Approximation
12.07: The Lindemann Mechanism
12.08: The Michaelis-Menten Mechanism
12.09: Chain Reactions
12.10: Catalysis
12.11: Oscillating Reactions
12.E: Chemical Kinetics II (Exercises)
12.S: Chemical Kinetics II (Summary)