Nguồn ngoài

Dr D Biochemistry for Health Sciences

This book supports BIO 10 at IVC it is a 3 unit class as part of a BIO AST and many other degrees.

Biology

Tác giả: Diana E. Hurlbut
Nhà xuất bản: Irvine Valley College
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY-NC-SA
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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Mục lục· 255 mục

01: Chemistry Matter and Measurement
1.01: Prelude to Chemistry Matter and Measurement
1.02: What is Chemistry
1.03: The Classification of Matter
1.04: Measurements
1.05: Imperial and U.S. Systems of Measurement
1.06: Expressing Numbers - Scientific Notation
1.07: Expressing Numbers - Significant Figures
1.08: The International System of Units
1.09: Converting Units
1.10: Metric Imperial Conversion Errors
1.11: Metric Prefixes - from yotta to yocto
1.12: Non-SI Units
1.13: Prefixes
1.14: SI Units
1.15: SI Units - A Summary
1.16: Dosage Calculations
1.17: Chemistry Matter and Measurement (Exercises)
1.18: Chemistry Matter and Measurement (Summary)
02: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table
2.01: Prelude to Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table
2.02: The Elements
2.03: Atomic Theory
2.04: The Structure of Atoms
2.05: Nuclei of Atoms
2.06: Atomic Masses
2.07: Arrangements of Electrons
2.08: The Periodic Table
2.09: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table (Exercises)
2.10: Elements Atoms and the Periodic Table (Summary)
03: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
3.01: Prelude to Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds
3.02: Two Types of Bonding
3.03: Ions
3.04: Formulas for Ionic Compounds
3.05: Ionic Nomenclature
3.06: Formula Mass
3.07: Characteristics of Ionic Compounds
3.08: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Exercises)
3.09: Ionic Bonding and Simple Ionic Compounds (Summary)
04: Covalent Bonding
4.01: Prelude to Covalent Bonding and Simple Molecular Compounds
4.02: Covalent Bonds
4.03: Covalent Compounds - Formulas and Names
4.04: Characteristics of Covalent Bonds
4.05: Characteristics of Molecules
4.06: Covalent Bonding (Exercises)
4.07: Covalent Bonding (Summary)
05: Introduction to Chemical Reactions
5.01: Prelude to Introduction to Chemical Reactions
5.02: The Law of Conservation of Matter
5.03: Chemical Equations
5.04: Quantitative Relationships Based on Chemical Equations
5.05: Some Types of Chemical Reactions
5.06: Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
5.07: Redox Reactions in Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
5.08: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Exercises)
5.09: Introduction to Chemical Reactions (Summary)
06: Quantities in Chemical Reactions
6.01: Prelude to Quantities in Chemical Reactions
6.02: The Mole
6.03: Atomic and Molar Masses
6.04: Mole-Mass Conversions
6.05: Mole-Mole Relationships in Chemical Reactions
6.06: Mole-Mass and Mass-Mass Problems
6.07: Chemical Equilibrium
6.08: Le Chatelier's Principle
6.09: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Exercise)
6.10: Quantities in Chemical Reactions (Summary)
07: Energy and Chemical Processes
7.01: Prelude to Energy and Chemical Processes
7.02: Energy and Its Units
7.03: Heat and Temperature
7.04: Phase Changes
7.05: Thermochemistry and Enthalpy
7.06: Exothermic and Endothermic reactions
7.07: The Energy of Biochemical Reactions
7.08: Potential Kinetic Free and Activation Energy
7.09: Gibbs Free Energy and Work Kinetic Metastability
7.10: Energy and Chemical Processes (Exercises)
7.11: Energy and Chemical Processes (Summary)
08: Gases
8.01: Gases and Pressure
8.02: Gas Laws
8.03: Breathing
8.04: Daltons Law of Partial Pressure
8.05: Gas Solubility
8.06: Henrys Law applied to Respiration
8.07: Gases (Exercises)
8.08: Gases (Summary)
09: Solutions
9.01: Prelude to Solutions
9.02: Solutions
9.03: Concentration
9.04: The Dissolution Process
9.05: Spheres of Hydration
9.06: Properties of Solutions
9.07: 6.3 Suspensions and Colloids
9.08: Viscosity
9.09: Osmosis and Diffusion
9.10: Osmoregulation and Osmotic Balance - Introduction
9.11: Osmoregulation and Osmotic Balance - Transport of Electrolytes across Cell Membranes
9.12: Osmoregulation and Osmotic Balance - Concept of Osmolality and Milliequivalent
9.13: Solutions (Exercises)
9.14: Solutions (Summary)
10: Acids and Bases
10.01: Prelude to Acids and Bases
10.02: Arrhenius Definition of Acids and Bases
10.03: Brnsted-Lowry Definition of Acids and Bases
10.04: Water - Both an Acid and a Base
10.05: The Strengths of Acids and Bases
10.06: Buffers
10.07: Biological Acids and the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
10.08: Acid-Base Balance
10.09: Acids and Bases (Exercises)
10.10: Acids and Bases (Summary)
11: Organic Chemistry - Alkanes and Halogenated Hydrocarbons
11.01: Prelude to Organic Chemistry - Alkanes and Halogenated Hydrocarbons
11.02: Organic Chemistry
11.03: Structures and Names of Alkanes
11.04: Branched-Chain Alkanes
11.05: Condensed Structural and Line-Angle Formulas
11.06: IUPAC Nomenclature
11.07: Physical Properties of Alkanes
11.08: Chemical Properties of Alkanes
11.09: Halogenated Hydrocarbons
11.10: Cycloalkanes
11.11: Organic Chemistry- Alkanes and Halogenated Hydrocarbons (Exercises)
11.12: Organic Chemistry- Alkanes and Halogenated Hydrocarbons (Summary)
12: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
12.01: Prelude to Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
12.02: Alkenes- Structures and Names
12.03: Cis-Trans Isomers (Geometric Isomers)
12.04: Physical Properties of Alkenes
12.05: Chemical Properties of Alkenes
12.06: Polymers
12.07: Alkynes
12.08: Aromatic Compounds- Benzene
12.09: Structure and Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds
12.10: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Exercises)
12.11: Unsaturated and Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Summary)
13: Organic Compounds of Oxygen
13.01: Prelude to Organic Compounds of Oxygen
13.02: Organic Compounds with Functional Groups
13.03: Alcohols - Nomenclature and Classification
13.04: Physical Properties of Alcohols
13.05: Reactions that Form Alcohols
13.06: Reactions of Alcohols
13.07: Glycols and Glycerol
13.08: Phenols
13.09: Ethers
13.10: Aldehydes and Ketones- Structure and Names
13.11: Properties of Aldehydes and Ketones
13.12: Organic Sulfur Compounds
13.13: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Exercises)
13.14: Organic Compounds of Oxygen (Summary)
14: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
14.01: Prelude to Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives
14.02: Carboxylic Acids - Structures and Names
14.03: The Formation of Carboxylic Acids
14.04: Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acids
14.05: Chemical Properties of Carboxylic Acids- Ionization and Neutralization
14.06: Esters - Structures and Names
14.07: Physical Properties of Esters
14.08: Preparation of Esters
14.09: Hydrolysis of Esters
14.10: Esters of Phosphoric Acid
14.11: Amines - Structures and Names
14.12: Physical Properties of Amines
14.13: Amines as Bases
14.14: Amides- Structures and Names
14.15: Physical Properties of Amides
14.16: Formation of Amides
14.17: Chemical Properties of Amides- Hydrolysis
14.18: Organic Acids and Bases and Some of Their Derivatives (Summary)
15: Carbohydrates
15.01: Prelude to Carbohydrates
15.02: Carbohydrates
15.03: Classes of Monosaccharides
15.04: Important Hexoses
15.05: Cyclic Structures of Monosaccharides
15.06: Properties of Monosaccharides
15.07: Disaccharides
15.08: Polysaccharides
15.09: Carbohydrates (Summary)
16: Lipids
16.01: Prelude to Lipids
16.02: Fatty Acids
16.03: Fats and Oils
16.04: Membranes and Membrane Lipids
16.05: Components and structure
16.06: Membrane Proteins
16.07: Passive transport
16.08: Active transport
16.09: Endocytosis and Exocytosis
16.10: Steroids
16.11: Exercises
16.12: Lipids (Summary)
17: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes
17.01: Prelude to Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes
17.02: Properties of Amino Acids
17.03: Reactions of Amino Acids
17.04: Peptides
17.05: Proteins
17.06: Enzymes
17.07: Enzyme Cofactors and Vitamins
17.08: Enzyme Action
17.09: Enzyme Activity
17.10: Enzyme Inhibition
17.11: Enzyme Regulation- Allosteric Control and Feedback Inhibition
17.12: Enzymes and Kinetics
17.13: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes (Exercises)
17.14: Amino Acids Proteins and Enzymes (Summary)
18: Nucleic Acids
18.01: Prelude to Nucleic Acids
18.02: Nucleotides
18.03: Nucleic Acid Structure
18.04: The Structure and Function of Cellular Genomes
18.05: Replication and Expression of Genetic Information
18.06: Telomeres
18.07: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code
18.08: Control of Gene Expression
18.09: Types of Mutations
18.10: Mutations and Genetic Diseases
18.11: Nucleic Acids (Exercises)
18.12: Nucleic Acids (Summary)
19: Energy Metabolism
19.01: Prelude to Energy Metabolism
19.02: ATP- the Universal Energy Currency
19.03: Stage I of Catabolism
19.04: Overview of Stage II of Catabolism
19.05: Stage III of Catabolism
19.06: Stage II of Carbohydrate Catabolism
19.07: Fermentation
19.08: Stage II of Lipid Catabolism
19.09: Stage II of Protein Catabolism
19.10: Metabolic States of the Body
19.11: Connections of Carbohydrate Protein and Lipid Metabolic Pathways
19.12: Energy Metabolism (Exercises)
19.13: Energy Metabolism (Summary)
20: Nuclear Chemistry (Optional Extra Reading)
20.01: Prelude to Nuclear Chemistry
20.02: Radioactivity
20.03: Half-Life
20.04: Units of Radioactivity
20.05: Uses of Radioactive Isotopes
20.06: Nuclear Energy
20.07: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)
20.08: Nuclear Chemistry (Summary)
21: Template Lab
21.01: Beginning and Introductory Materials
21.02: Safety and Procedures
21.03: Lab Report
21.04: Dive Deeper
21.05: Labtechnician and Instructor Resources