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Map: General Chemistry: Principles, Patterns, and Applications (Averill)

General Chemistry Chemistry

Tác giả: Anonymous
Nhà xuất bản: LibreTexts
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Giấy phép: CC BY-NC-SA
Ngôn ngữ: EN
Danh mục: Khoa học cơ bản

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01: Introduction to Chemistry
1.01: Introduction
1.02: Chemistry in the Modern World
1.03: The Scientific Method
1.04: A Description of Matter
1.05: A Brief History of Chemistry
1.06: The Atom
1.07: Isotopes and Atomic Masses
1.08: Introduction to the Periodic Table
1.09: Essential Elements for Life
1.10: Essential Skills 1
02: Molecules Ions and Chemical Formulas
2.01: Chemical Compounds
2.02: Chemical Formulas
2.03: Naming Ionic Compounds
2.04: Naming Covalent Compounds
2.05: Acids and Bases
2.06: Industrially Important Chemicals
03: Chemical Reactions
3.01: The Mole and Molar Masses
3.02: Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas
3.03: Chemical Equations
3.04: Mass Relationships in Chemical Equations
3.05: Types of Chemical Reactions
3.06: Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere
3.07: Essential Skills 2
04: Reactions in Aqueous Solution
4.01: Aqueous Solutions
4.02: Solution Concentrations
4.03: Stoichiometry of Reactions in Solution
4.04: Ionic Equations
4.05: Precipitation Reactions
4.06: Acids and Bases
4.07: Acid Base Reactions
4.08: The Chemistry of Acid Rain
4.09: Quantitative Analysis Using Titration
4.10: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
4.11: Essential Skills 3
05: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
5.01: Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
5.02: Enthalpy and Reactions
5.03: Hess's Law
5.04: Heats of Formation
5.05: Enthalpies of Solution
5.06: Calorimetry
5.07: Thermochemistry and Nutrition
5.08: Energy Sources and the Environment
5.09: Essential Skills 4
06: The Structure of Atoms
6.01: Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation
6.02: Quantization of Energy
6.03: Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom
6.04: Wave - Particle Duality
6.05: Atomic Orbitals and Their Energies
6.06: Building Up The Periodic Table
6.07: Electronic Structure of the Transition Metals
07: The Periodic Table and Periodic Trends
7.01: The History of the Periodic Table
7.02: Sizes of Atoms and Ions
7.03: The Chemical Families
7.04: Trace Elements in Biological Systems
08: Ionic versus Covalent Bonding
8.01: What is a Chemical Bond
8.02: Ionic Bonding
8.03: Lattice Energies in Ionic Solids
8.04: Lewis Electron Dot Symbols
8.05: Lewis Structures
8.06: Exceptions to the Octet Rule
8.07: Lewis Acids and Bases
8.08: Properties of Covalent Bonds
8.09: Properties of Polar Covalent Bonds
8.10: Metallic Bonding
8.11: Molecular Representations
09: Molecular Geometry and Covalent Bonding Models
9.01: Molecular Geometry
9.02: VSEPR - Molecular Geometry
9.03: Hybrid Orbitals
9.04: Delocalized Bonding and Molecular Orbitals
9.05: Polyatomic Systems Multiple Bonds Resonance
10: Gases
10.01: Gaseous Elements and Compounds
10.02: Gas Pressure
10.03: The Ideal Gas Law
10.04: The Combined Gas Law
10.05: Gas Mixtures
10.06: Stoichiometry Involving Gases
10.07: The Kinetic Theory of Gases
10.08: Real Gases
10.09: Essential Skills 5
11: Fluids
11.01: Introduction
11.02: Intermolecular forces
11.03: Unique Properties of Liquids
11.04: Vapor Pressure
11.05: Changes of State
11.06: Critical Temperature and Pressure
11.07: Phase Diagrams
11.08: Liquid Crystals
11.09: Essential Skills 6
12: Solids
12.01: Crystalline and Amorphous Solids
12.02: The Arrangement of Atoms in Crystalline Solids
12.03: Structures of Simple Binary Compounds
12.04: Defects in Crystals
12.05: Bonding and Properties of Solids
12.06: Metals and Semiconductors
12.07: Superconductors
12.08: Polymers
12.09: Modern Materials
13: Solutions
13.01: Factors Affecting Solution Formation
13.02: Solubility and Molecular Structure
13.03: Units of Concentration
13.04: Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
13.05: Colligative Properties of Solutions
13.06: Aggregate Particles
13.07: Aggregate Particles in Aqueous Solution
14: Chemical Kinetics
14.01: Preview to Chemical Equilibria
14.02: Factors that Affect Reaction Rates
14.03: Reaction Rates and Rate Laws
14.04: Methods of Determining Reaction Order
14.05: Using Graphs to Determine Rate Laws Rate Constants and Reaction Orders
14.06: Half Lives and Radioactive Decay Kinetics
14.07: Reaction Rates - A Microscopic View
14.08: The Collision Model of Chemical Kinetics
14.09: Catalysis
15: Chemical Equilibrium
15.01: The Concept of Chemical Equilibrium
15.02: The Equilibrium Constant
15.03: Solving Equilibrium Problems
15.04: Non-equilibrium Conditions
15.05: Factors That Affect Equilibrium
15.06: Controlling the Products of Reactions
15.07: Essential Skills 7
16: Aqueous AcidBase Equilibriums
16.01: The Autoionization of Water
16.02: A Qualitative Description of Acid-Base Equilibria
16.03: Molecular Structure and Acid-Base Strength
16.04: Quantitative Aspects of Acid-Base Equilibria
16.05: Acid-Base Titrations
16.06: Buffers
17: Solubility and Complexation Equilibria
17.01: Introduction
17.02: Determining the Solubility of Ionic Compounds
17.03: Factors That Affect Solubility
17.04: The Formation of Complex Ions
17.05: Solubility and pH
17.06: Qualitative Analysis Using Selective Precipitation
18: Chemical Thermodynamics
18.01: Thermodynamics and Work
18.02: The First Law of Thermodynamics
18.03: The Second Law of Thermodynamics
18.04: Entropy Changes and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
18.05: Free Energy
18.06: Spontaneity and Equilibrium
18.07: Comparing Thermodynamics and Kinetics
18.08: Thermodynamics and Life
19: Electrochemistry
19.01: Introduction
19.02: Describing Electrochemical Cells
19.03: Standard Potentials
19.04: Comparing Strengths of Oxidants and Reductants
19.05: Electrochemical Cells and Thermodynamics
19.06: Commercial Galvanic Cells
19.07: Corrosion
19.08: Electrolysis
20: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements
20.01: Introduction
20.02: Overview of Periodic Trends
20.03: The Chemistry of Hydrogen
20.04: The Alkali Metals (Group 1)
20.05: The Alkaline Earth Metals (Group 2)
20.06: The s-Block Elements in Biology
20.E: Periodic Trends and the s-Block Elements (Exercises)
21: The p-Block Elements
21.01: The Elements of Group 13
21.02: The Elements of Group 14
21.03: The Elements of Group 15 (The Pnicogens)
21.04: The Elements of Group 16 (The Chalcogens)
21.05: The Elements of Group 17 (The Halogens)
21.06: The Elements of Group 18 (The Noble Gases)
21.E: The p-Block Elements (Exercises)
22: The d-Block Elements
22.01: General Trends among the Transition Metals
22.02: A Brief Survey of Transition-Metal Chemistry
22.03: Metallurgy
22.04: Coordination Compounds
22.05: Crystal Field Theory
22.06: Transition Metals in Biology
23: Organic Compounds
23.01: Organic Compounds
23.02: Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds
23.03: Isomers of Organic Compounds
23.04: Reactivity of Organic Molecules
23.05: Common Classes of Organic Reactions
23.06: Common Classes of Organic Compounds
23.07: The Molecules of Life
24: Nuclear Chemistry
24.01: Introduction
24.02: The Components of the Nucleus
24.03: Nuclear Reactions
24.04: The Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with Matter
24.05: Thermodynamic Stability of the Atomic Nucleus
24.06: Applied Nuclear Chemistry
24.07: The Origin of the Elements
24.E: Nuclear Chemistry (Exercises)