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BIO 50: Anatomy and Physiology (Zingg)

This textbook is designed for an introductory, college-level Human Anatomy and Physiology course. It serves students pursuing allied health programs and those completing a general education science requirement. Written for students with little prior biology background, it also provides foundational preparation for more advanced coursework, including the pre-nursing anatomy and physiology sequence.

Medicine

Tác giả: Barbara Zingg
Nhà xuất bản: Las Positas College
Nguồn: LibreTexts
Ngôn ngữ: EN

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01: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
1.01: Defining Anatomy
1.02: Levels of Organization
1.03: Anatomical Terminology
1.04: Body Planes and Sections
1.05: Body Cavities
1.06: Abdominopelvic Regions
1.07: Defining Physiology
1.08: What the Human Body Needs to Stay Alive
1.8.01: Basic Life Processes and Functions
1.8.02: Survival Needs
1.09: Maintaining Balance Homeostasis and the Power of Negative Feedback
1.10: Positive Feedback Loops
02: Cells and Membrane Transport
2.01: Inorganic Chemistry Overview
2.02: Organic Chemistry Review
2.2.01: Types of Biological Macromolecules
2.2.02: Protein Synthesis
2.03: Cell Anatomy Introduction
2.04: Components of Plasma Membranes
2.05: The Nucleus
2.06: The Cytoplasm and Cellular Organelles
2.07: Cytoskeleton and Cell Extensions
2.08: Stem Cells and Cellular Differentiation
2.09: Cell Physiology Body Fluids and Fluid Compartment
2.10: Passive Movements across the Cell Membrane Simple Diffusion
2.11: Passive Movements across the Cell Membrane Facilitated Diffusion and Osmosis
2.12: Tonicity
2.13: Primary Active Transport Pumps
2.14: Vesicular Transport Endocytosis and Exocytosis
03: Tissues and the Integumentary System
3.01: Introduction to Tissues
3.02: Epithelial Tissue Covers and Communicates
3.03: Connective Tissue Supports and Protects
3.04: Muscle Tissue Built to Move
3.05: Nervous Tissue Perceives and Responds
3.06: Epithelial Membranes
3.07: Tissue Repair and Wound Healing
3.08: Overview of Cancer
3.09: Introduction to the Integumentary System
3.10: Structure of the Skin Epidermis
3.11: Melanin and Skin Color
3.12: Structure of the Skin Dermis and Hypodermis
3.13: Sweat and Sebaceous Glands
3.14: No Extra Reading for Skin Discoloration
3.15: No Extra Reading on the Arrector Pili Muscle
3.16: Burns
3.17: Skin Cancer
3.18: Acne
04: Skeletal System
4.01: Connective Tissues of the Skeletal System
4.02: Gross Anatomy of The Skeletal System
4.03: Long Bones Anatomy Blood Supply and Innervation
4.04: Bone Formation and Remodeling
4.05: Fractures and Bone Repair
4.06: The Functions of the Skeletal System
4.07: The Vertebral Column
4.08: Disorders of the Vertebral Column
4.09: Structural and Functional Classification of Joints
4.10: Synovial Joints
4.11: Types of Body Movements
4.12: Diseases and Injuries of Joints
05: Muscular System
5.01: The Three Types of Muscle Tissue
5.02: Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle Fibers
5.03: Connective Tissue Wrappings The Layers That Hold It All Together
5.04: The Sarcomere Functional Unit of Muscle
5.05: Skeletal Muscle Motor Units
5.06: Neuromuscular Junction
5.07: Sliding Filament Theory of Contraction
5.08: Detailed Mechanism ofCross-bridge Formation
5.09: Energy (ATP) for Muscle Contraction
5.10: Muscle Fatigue
5.11: When Muscles Fall Silent Understanding Paralysis
5.12: Exercise and Muscle Performance
06: Nervous System
6.01: Functions of the Nervous System
6.02: Organization of the Nervous System
6.03: Nervous Tissue - The Wiring of the Body
6.04: Structural and Functional Diversity of Neurons
6.05: Signal Speed How Myelin Turns Nerves into Racetracks
6.06: Structure of a Neuron
6.07: Gray vs. White Matter- Headquarters and Highways in the CNS
6.08: Nerve and Ganglion Structure
6.09: Inside the Brain Your Control Tower
6.10: Cortical Homunculus
6.10: More Brain Highlights Diencephalon and Brainstem
6.11: Neurophysiology
6.12: Synapses
6.13: Somatic and Autonomic Reflexes
6.14: Meninges- Support and Protection of the Brain
6.15: Cerebrospinal Fluid and Its Circulation
6.16: The Autonomic Nervous Systems
6.17: Agonists and Antagonists of the ANS
6.19: No additional LibreTexts reading for this section
07: Special Senses
7.01: General and Special Senses
7.02: Introduction to the Eye and Vision
7.03: Vision Begins Here - The External Structures of the Eye
7.04: Inside the Eye Tunics and Cavities
7.05: The Retina Gateway to Vision
7.06: Focusing Light for Sight
7.07: Common Visual Defects and Eye Pathologies
7.08: The Ear and the Process of Hearing
7.09: Hearing Impairments
08: Endocrine System
8.01: Overview of the Endocrine System
8.02: Hormones
8.03: Review of the Negative Feedback Loop
8.04: The Major Endocrine Organs
8.05: Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus
8.06: Thyroid Gland
8.07: Disorders of Thyroid Function- Hypo- and Hypersecretion
8.08: Meet the Pancreas Dual Roles in Digestion and Hormone Control
8.09: Adrenal Glands
09: Blood Lymph and the Immune System
9.01: The Fluid of Life- Introduction to Blood
9.02: Hematocrit
9.03: Blood Plasma
9.04: Cells and Platelets of the Blood
9.05: Erythrocytes Tiny Oxygen Taxis
9.06: RBC Life Cycle
9.07: Aberrations from the Normal Blood Profile Anemia vs. Polycythemia
9.08: Blood Doping
9.09: Hemostasis
9.10: Blood Clotting Disorders
9.11: Overview of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems
9.12: Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune System
9.13: Adaptive Immunity The Cast of Characters
9.14: Adaptive Immunity Humoral Response
9.15: Adaptive Immunity Cell-Mediated Responses
9.16: Immune Dysfunction and Clinical Connections
9.17: Blood Types and Transfusions
10: Cardiovascular System
10.01: Overview of the Cardiovascular System
10.02: Heart Anatomy Overview
10.03: Pericardium and the Heart Wall
10.04: Heart Anatomy - Details
10.05: Generation and Transmission of Cardiac Impulses
10.06: Electrocardiogram (ECG)
10.07: Cardiac Cycle
10.08: Heart Sounds
10.09: Blood Vessel Structure and Function
10.10: Circulatory Pathways
10.11: Portal Systems
10.12: Vital Signs and Pulse
10.13: Understanding and Measuring Blood Pressure
10.14: Hypertension
10.15: Atherosclerosis
10.16: Capillary Exchange
11: Respiratory Systems
11.01: Respiratory System Introduction
11.02: Anatomical Regions of the Respiratory Tract
11.03: Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory Tract
11.04: A Closer Look at the Air We Breathe
11.05: Overview of Respiratory Physiology
11.06: Mechanics of Breathing Pulmonary Ventilation
11.07: Pulmoany Function Tests Spirometry
11.08: Normal and Altered Breathing Patterns
11.09: External Respiration
11.10: Transport of Gases
11.11: Internal Respiration
11.12: When Smoke Meets Biology The Cost to Your Cells and Tissues
11.13: Heimlich Maneuver A Quick Introduction to Choking Rescue
11.14: Cystic Fibrosis
12: Digestive System
12.01: Overview of the Digestive System
12.02: Liver Pancreas and Gallbladder Accessory Digestive System Organs
12.03: Structural Organization of the Intestinal Wall and Peritoneum
12.04: From the Mouth to the Stomach
12.05: Anatomy of the Small Intestine
12.06: Activities of the Small Intestine
12.07: Anatomy of the Large Intestine
12.08: Activities of the Large Intestine
12.09: Lactose Intolerance
12.10: Peptic Ulcer Disease
13: Genitourinary (a.k.a. Urogenital ) System
13.01: Overview of the Renal (Urinary) System
13.02: The Kidneys Exterior and Interior Structures
13.03: Nephron The Functional Unit of the Kidneys
13.04: Formation and Analysis of Urine
13.05: Urine Transport and Elimination
13.06: Kidney Stones
13.07: Water Balance
13.08: Overview of the Human Reproductive System
13.09: Testes and Male Gamete Production
13.10: Duct System and Accessory Glands
13.11: Hormonal Regulation of the Male Reproductive System
13.12: Ovaries and Female Gamete Production
13.13: Uterus and Uterine Tubes Structures That Support Fertilization and Pregnancy
13.14: Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive Cycles