
Nguồn ngoài
CHEM 1030 - General Chemistry II
- Tác giả
- Budhi
- Nhà xuất bản
- Eastern Wyoming College
- Nguồn
- LibreTexts
- Giấy phép
- CC BY-NC-SA
- Ngôn ngữ
- EN
- Danh mục
- Khoa học cơ bản
Mục lục· 109 mục
- 01: Solutions
- 1.1: Thirsty Solutions: Why You Should Not Drink Seawater
- 1.2: Types of Solutions and Solubility
- 1.3: Energetics of Solution Formation
- 1.4: Solution Equilibrium and Factors Affecting Solubility
- 1.5: Expressing Solution Concentration
- 1.6: Colligative Properties: Freezing Point Depression, Boiling Point Elevation, and Osmosis
- 1.7: The Colligative Properties of Strong Electrolyte Solutions
- 1.8: Colloids
- 1.9: Solutions (Exercises)
- 02: Chemical Kinetics
- 2.1: Catching Lizards
- 2.2: Rate of a Chemical Reaction
- 2.3: The Rate Law: The Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate
- 2.4: The Integrated Rate Law: The Dependence of Concentration on Time
- 2.5: The Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
- 2.6: Reaction Mechanisms
- 2.7: Catalysis
- 03: Chemical Equilibrium
- 3.1: The Concept of Dynamic Equilibrium
- 3.2: The Equilibrium Constant (K)
- 3.3: Expressing the Equilibrium Constant in Terms of Pressure
- 3.4: Calculating the Equilibrium Constant From Measured Equilibrium Concentrations
- 3.5: Heterogenous Equilibria - Reactions Involving Solids and Liquids
- 3.6: The Reaction Quotient: Predicting the Direction of Change
- 3.7: Finding Equilibrium Concentrations
- 3.8: Le Châtelier’s Principle: How a System at Equilibrium Responds to Disturbances
- 04: Acids and Bases
- 4.01: Heartburn
- 4.02: The Nature of Acids and Bases
- 4.03: Definitions of Acids and Bases
- 4.04: Acid Strength and the Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka)
- 4.05: Autoionization of Water and pH
- 4.06: Finding the [H3O ] and pH of Strong and Weak Acid Solutions
- 4.07: Base Solutions
- 4.08: The Acid-Base Properties of Ions and Salts
- 4.09: Polyprotic Acids
- 4.10: Acid Strength and Molecular Structure
- 4.11: Lewis Acids and Bases
- 4.12: Acid rain
- 05: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium
- 5.1: The Danger of Antifreeze
- 5.2: Buffers: Solutions That Resist pH Change
- 5.3: Buffer Effectiveness: Buffer Capacity and Buffer Range
- 5.4: Titrations and pH Curves
- 5.5: Solubility Equilibria and the Solubility Product Constant
- 5.6: Precipitation
- 5.7: Qualitative Chemical Analysis
- 5.8: Complex Ion Equilibria
- 5.9: Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium (Exercises)
- 06: Thermochemistry
- 6.01: Light the Furnace: The Nature of Energy and Its Transformations
- 6.02: The Nature and Types of Energy
- 6.03: Quantifying Heat and Work
- 6.04: The First Law of Thermodynamics
- 6.05: Constant Volume Calorimetry: Measuring ΔU for Chemical Reactions
- 6.06: Enthalpy: The Heat Evolved in a Chemical Reaction at Constant Pressure
- 6.07: Constant Pressure Calorimetry: Measuring ΔH for Chemical Reactions
- 6.08: Relationships Involving Enthalpy of Reactions
- 6.09: Enthalpies of Reaction from Standard Heats of Formation
- 6.10: Energy Use and The Environment
- 07: Gibbs Energy and Thermodynamics
- 7.01: Nature’s Heat Tax: You Can’t Win and You Can’t Break Even
- 7.02: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Processes
- 7.03: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
- 7.04: Entropy Changes Associated with State Changes
- 7.05: Heat Transfer and Changes in the Entropy of the Surroundings
- 7.06: Gibbs Energy
- 7.07: Entropy Changes in Chemical Reactions
- 7.08: Gibbs Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions
- 7.09: Gibbs Energy Changers for Non-Standard States
- 7.10: Gibbs Energy and Equilibrium
- 08: Electrochemistry
- 8.1: Pulling the Plug on the Power Grid
- 8.2: Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations
- 8.3: Voltaic (or Galvanic) Cells: Generating Electricity from Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
- 8.4: Standard Reduction Potentials
- 8.5: Cell Potential, Gibbs Energy, and the Equilibrium Constant
- 8.6: Cell Potential and Concentration
- 8.7: Batteries: Using Chemistry to Generate Electricity
- 8.8: Electrolysis: Driving Non-spontaneous Chemical Reactions with Electricity
- 8.9: Corrosion: Undesirable Redox Reactions
- 09: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
- 9.01: Diagnosing Appendicitis
- 9.02: The Discovery of Radioactivity
- 9.03: Types of Radioactivity
- 9.04: The Valley of Stability: Predicting the Type of Radioactivity
- 9.05: Detecting Radioactivity
- 9.06: The Kinetics of Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating
- 9.07: The Discovery of Fission: The Atomic Bomb and Nuclear Power
- 9.08: Converting Mass to Energy: Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
- 9.09: Nuclear Fusion: The Power of the Sun
- 9.10: Nuclear Transmutation and Transuranium Elements
- 9.11: The Effects of Radiation on Life
- 9.12: Radioactivity in Medicine and Other Applications
- 10: Organic Chemistry
- 10.01: Fragrances and Odor
- 10.02: Carbon: Why It Is Unique
- 10.03: Hydrocarbons: Compounds Containing Only Carbon and Hydrocarbon
- 10.04: Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons
- 10.05: Alkenes and Alkynes
- 10.06: Hydrocarbon Reactions
- 10.07: Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- 10.08: Functional Groups
- 10.09: Alcohols
- 10.10: Aldehydes and Ketones
- 10.11: Carboxylic Acids and Esters
- 10.12: Ethers
- 10.13: Amines